Mimarlık Fakültesi / Faculty of Architecture
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Publication A biomimetic research on how cities can mimic forests to become sutainable and smart(2020-06) KARABETÇA, ALİYE RAHŞANIn nature, everything is functional concerning each other. Every single organism supports the other either with a symbiotic relationship or in terms of form and/or function; such as some trees shed their leaves to the ground to prepare themselves for strong winter conditions and also to create nutrition for microorganisms and fungi under the surface. This kind of interaction of nature could lead architects to develop better solutions to create better built environments which is the main objective of this paper. It aims to clarify and prove that nature is the greatest mentor and can teach humanity many solutions about designing smart cities. In this context, using biomimicry as a design strategy is the main methodology. Biomimicry and biology will be the scientific fields for researching and understanding the structural strength, bioclimatic properties, functional morphology and other important features of forests which will be explained to identify forests and state solutions for developing smart cities. Outcomes of this paper aim to scientifically state that forests are naturally sustainable built environments which are the greatest examples for smart cities and when they unite, they are able to create the most suitable living environments for other living organisms.Publication A conceptual idea of participatory design with BIM(2019-07) Kızılkan, Muhammet Berkay; TÜRKYILMAZ, EMRAHThis study aims to investigate the participatory design by using BIM concept and how to increase the quality of life through BIM during the design and usage process. For this purpose, user participation and BIM relationship examined through examples from the world. This paper describes a BIM framework which enables designers to involve users by using information technology. It demonstrates that participatory design approach combined with BIM can make a significant contribution towards an increase in performance in building and in the quality of life.Publication A Discussion for Alternative Affordable Housing Types: Comparative Analysis of Urban Informalities(2019-09) Küçükyazıcı, Ufuk; Alkışer Bregger, Yasemin; 254185Finding a shelter to dwell in at a reasonable price is a problematic issue for urban areas all over the world due to high values of urban land, lack of regulations about housing, and inequalities of income in society. The demand for affordable housing is increasing parallel to the rise in urban population caused by migration. Especially after industrialization, the accommodation requirements of low-income and middle- income groups in the global north were acknowledged by authorities, planners and architects in order to support development in terms of social structure, built environment and the economy. Consequently, there are studies of alternatives for housing policies in order to provide either owner-occupied houses or rental homes for the urban poor. Housing studies of western culture have impact on developing new strategies all over the world. On the other hand, in the global south, the development of economic system continues to result in migration to urban areas. Even though the major amount of the expansion in urban areas happens in developing countries, the need for affordable housing is a universal issue. The increase in population creates problems on finding equal housing options among different income levels of society for accommodating sufficient housing in the urban structure. When the demand for low-income housing units is not efficiently responded to, citizens develop their own way to create accommodation options in reasonable prices in the form of informal settlements which might have different urban characteristics according to the development level of the country, climate, and culture. However, the main purpose of squatters all over the world is to find shelter to live in so as to survive in the urban life. The changes in city formations and infrastructure requirements of urban land caused by informal solutions for housing have impact on urban development. This in turn affects the policies of urban transformation. Under these circumstances, reciprocal relations might become prominent between urban transformation and affordable housing studies. A clear definition of affordable housing is essential in order to determine concrete solutions, because the wide meaning of affordability as the status for being able to buy something creates general assumptions. The housing type that costs less than thirty percent of the total income of the households would be considered as affordable housing. In fact, this concept applies to all segment of society however; the problem mostly occurs in terms of low-income housing due to insufficient income levels, increasing land values, and property costs. In this study, the informal solution for affordable housing and the consequences in terms of urban transformation process is examined in two sections. In the first part, the definition of affordable housing is evaluated by giving policy explanations and informal solutions which have occurred as self help interventions of citizens. In addition, the comparative housing analyses approach is defined in order to explain current discussions about affordable housing studies. In the second part, affordable housing concepts in the Netherlands and Turkey are discussed through comparative analysis in order to explain the differences and similarities of housing problems in developed and developing countries. Alternative ways of affordable informal housing opportunities are evaluated in terms of the consequences of urban development through examples from Netherlands (squatter movements), and Turkey (squatter settlements) in order to explain the relation among affordable housing, urban informalities and urban transformation. The examples show the changes of urban structures due to affordable housing demand and the self-help of citizens. The reason for choosing examples from Netherlands is their detailed affordable housing system. Despite housing regulations there are also informal solutions. Informal solutions are shown to discuss the need for affordable housing, the lack of response for the demand and also the possibilities of emergent solutions of the citizens for their own problems. These emergent informal solutions have impact on the formations of cities.Publication A general overview on the concep of westernalization in ottoman harboring culture(2020) Akbaş, Gamze; Erdemir, Zuhal; Tosun, Zuhal; ERÇETİN, ARZUThe time frame of this study corresponds to an era which was questioned in a socio-political sense and accordingly in which a change was inevitable. In this direction, the radical change that the Empire passed through reveals a need of handling new understandings attributed to education, family and women as a whole. Therefore, in this study, many changes occurred in the social structure of the society along with the modernization process will be analyzed culturally and socially. In this course started with westernization, the Ottoman social structure started to change; and accordingly the Western culture data embarked upon to get involved in harboring culture. The increasing economic and political relations between Ottoman and Western caused Ottoman society to change its shell in social and cultural sense. In architectural historiography, when we reduce housing to the scope of Ottoman harboring culture, we see that the discourses are not polyphonic, rather, we can say that there is an ongoing time-wise reading on in the frame of same determinations. This analysis is mainly for naming problem, root concept, typology and spatial organization. Especially in researches on Ottoman harboring culture, it is seen that especially the naming issue turned into a problem. On the basis of all this data, a general overview on the Westernization effect on Ottoman harboring culture will be earned out.Publication A proposal for the definition of housing with EXPRESS(2019-07) Bayer, Semih; TÜRKYILMAZ, EMRAHThis article describes how to use the EXPRESS language for the definition of an architectural product. To make this definition, EXPRESS language and ISO 10303 standards examined. A housing project in the BIM environment described as an example by EXPRESS. The results show that it is possible to make the desired calculations about the house with EXPRESS. The definition made with a project that is still in the design phase can determine whether the project provides the desired spatial conditions by making any calculations. Thus, quality and cost-effective projects can obtain.Publication A Proposed Model for the Post-Disaster Recovery Process in Turkey(2018-11) Enginöz, Evren Burak; 121923Turkey is a country, which experience more than one disaster in a year, especially earthquakes. Undoubtedly, it is a great building experience of post-disaster settlements and refugee camps all over the country. Therefore, in order to respond or to solve problems quickly in such extraordinary situations, there are Regulations on Reconstruction of Buildings for Earthquake Zones, post disaster recovery policies and development strategies. However, these regulations, policies and strategies do not include a prospective planning ora build back better (BBB) notion. They are just only aimed to provide shelters and urban infrastructures for disaster areas in short term, which cause more serious problems than disasters can do. Especially, inadequate regulations or unsuccessful urban recovery policies affect the psychology of survivors, their social and cultural lives, their memories, daily life activities and habits. In our previous researches we also observed that, when local expectations, demands and socio-cultural attributes are not taken into account, governmental urban planning and recovery policies cause noticeable reactions from survivors. Such as; to leave or not to use the post-disaster houses (PDH), to make deformations on or additions to them or to reconstruct their new buildings. It should not be forgotten that the success of the efforts to recover the cities after a disaster depends not only on the quality of the physical environment, but also on the sustainability of socio-cultural environment and networks. Additionally at the end of each application; taking lessons from the mistakes and using feed backs, for preferring more accurate solutions, will increase the success on the future processes. Thus, a model for post-disaster recovery process, in which considers spatial preferences, social expectations, current lifestyle and evaluates the BBB, user participation and feed backs, is required. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to find out the answers of question "howto generate a model for a post-disaster recovery process that includes solutions for BBB" to avoid recurrent problems in the future. In this context, the data obtained from the case study in Afyon-Dinar permanent PDH settlements will be used. The case study was done with the method of face-to-face interviews and conducted among the selected samples with the survivors who live or lived in permanent PDH. Within the scope of this case study; we can analyze appreciations of survivors on urban imaginaries, BBB and recovery strategies by inquiring correlations, using chi-square test (p< 0.05).Publication A Transition from Rural Environments to Cities: A Criticism to Todays' Living Environments through Flexibility(2018-07) Hasgül, Esin; 231940Publication Afetler Karşısında Kentlerimizin Erişilebilirliğinin Sağlanması İçin Öneriler(2019-02) Enginöz, Evren Burak; 121923Aşırı stresli olayların yaşanması, hem kısa hem de uzun vadede sağlığımızı etkileyecek psikolojik ve fiziksel risklere yol açabileceği görülmektedir. Bu risk, doğal afetler gibi dış etkenlere bağlı ve kontrol edilemez olduğunda stresin etkisi daha fazla olmaktadır. Türkiye, giderek artan afet sonrası sorunlarla ilgilenmesi gereken ülkelerin başında gelmektedir. Evlerimizin, kentlerimizin ve ulaşım ağlarımızın olası afetlere karşı dayanıklı olması için yeniden inşa edilmesinin yanında afet sonrası tüm kentlilerin en kısa zaman içinde güvenli alanlara veya toplanma noktalarına hızlı bir şekilde erişilebilmesi gerekmektedir. Afetzedelerin afet anında bulunduğu binalardan tahliyesi ve yardıma erişimleri organize edilirken, toplumu oluşturan tüm bireylerin, özellikler sağlıklı bireylere göre kent içi erişimde birçok engellerle karşılaşan engellilerin de düş düşünülmesi gerekmektedir. Ülkemiz nüfusunun %12'si engellilerden oluşturmaktadır. Günlük hayatta ya da ola~ anüstü durumlarda karşılaşılan erişilebilirlik sorunları sadece engelli insanları değil aynı zamanda ailelerini de etkilemektedir. Bu, nüfusumuzun yarısının afetler sırasında risk altında olduğu anlamına gelmektedir. Bu nedenle, afet yönetimi ve yasal düzenlemelerimizi yeniden ele almak, şehirlerimizdeki kentsel erişebilirliği engelli insanlara göre yeniden tasarlamak zorundayız. Bu çalışma kapsamında, yaşanılan afet süresince engellilerin de erişilebilirliğinin sağlanması düş ünülerek; mimari ve yasal uygulamalar, kent içi yaya ve toplu ulaşım ve afet sonrası toplanma ve güvenli alan noktalarının engelliler içinde erişilebilirliği ile ilgili düzenleme önerileri tartışılmaya çalışılacaktır.Publication Algoritmik Tektonikleri Öğrenmeyi Öğrenmek(2019-06-17) GÜZELCİ, ORKAN ZEYNEL; 187152Günümüzde, bir mimarlık öğrencisi lisans öğrenimi boyunca pek çok dijital temsil, modelleme ve üretim arayüzleri ile karşılaşmaktadır.Bu dijital arayüzlerin büyük bir bölümü, öğrencilerin mezuniyetine kadar değişmekte, dönüşmektedir. Kimi arayüzler ise kullanım ömürlerini tamamlamakta, kısa süre içerisinde yerini yeni araç ve arayüzlere bırakmaktadır. Diğer yandan mimari biçimin dijital ortamda temsili, dönüştürülmesi ve üretimine ilişkin süreçler ve bunların kuramsal temelleri, dijital araçlara kıyasla daha yavaş değişmektedir. Araçların, arayüzlerin ve temsilin sürekli çeşitlenmekte olduğu bir ortamda, mimarlık öğrencilerine dijital modelleme becerilerinin hangi pedagojik yöntem ve yaklaşımlarla kazandırabileceği ise tartışmalı bir konudur. Bilgisayar destekli tasarım ve üretim araçlarının (BDT/BDÜ) yaygınlaşması, mimari biçimin temsilinden üretimine kadar geçen süreçleri dönüştürmektedir. Biçimin temsilindeki bu dönüşüm, aynı zamanda enformasyon ve bilginin temsili, işlenmesi ve yeniden kullanımı ile ilişkilidir. Bu anlamda Oxman’m (2006) da altını çizdiği gibi, son ürün olarak “biçim” yerine, süreç olarak “biçimlenme” ön plana çıkmaktadır. Dijital tasarım ise “hesaplamalı çevrelerdeki tasarımı destekleyen, enformasyon ile biçimin temsilleri arasında oluşan ilişkiler” olarak tariflenmektedir (Sass ve Oxman, 2006). Ahrens (2013) ise bu durumu, biçimin tasarımı yerine performansa dayalı dinamik ilişkileri ve etkileşimi tasarlamak olarak açıklamaktadır. Oxman (2006) dijital modelleri: bilgisayar destekli tasarım modelleri (Computer-Aided Design, CAD), biçimlenme modelleri, üretken modeller ve performans modelleri olarak ele almaktayken bu çalışma kapsamında BDT/BDÜ kavramları dijital modellerin tamamı için kullanılacaktır. Picon (2010) BDT’ın yeni krizi olarak ölçek ve tektonik konularına ilaveten malzemenin mimarlıktaki varlığının yeniden ele alınmasının ihtiyacını ortaya koymaktadır. Oxman (2006) ise enformasyonun, tasarımcıların yeni “malzemesi” olduğuna işaret etmektedir. BDT’da “ölçek” geleneksel anlamını kaybederken, mikroskobik ölçekten makroskopik ölçek daha önce olmadığı kadar iç içe geçebilmektedir. Örneğin bir maddenin bünyesinde bulunan ve çıplak gözle görünmeyen içsel ilişkilerdeki bir müdahale, madde işlenip malzemeye dönüştüğünde davranışında yapısal değişikliklere yol açabilmektedir. Picon’un (2010) da altını çizdiği gibi, madde, malzeme ve biçim araştırmalarında keşifsel yaklaşımlara, deneysel pratiği ve yeni bakış açılarına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu ihtiyaç mimarlık öğreniminde biçimlenme, ölçek, tektonik ilişkiler ve malzeme konularının ele alınışına yansımaktadır. Mimarlık öğreniminde BDT/BDÜ araçlarının öğrencilere sunumu konusunda aşağıda sıralanan problemlerle sıklıkla karşılaşılmaktadır: Bir beceriyi başka bir deneyime/bağlama yansıtma konusunda karşılaşılan problemler; - Yeni bir beceri kazanma sürecinde bilişsel yükün çok olmasından kaynaklanan erken vazgeçme eğilimi; - BDT/BDÜ araçlarının potansiyellerinden tasarım süreçlerinde yararlanmada yalnızca temsil amaçlı kullanılması; - Dijital model üzerindeki kontrolün kaybedilmesi; Dijital modeldeki parça-bütün ilişkisinin takip edilmemesi. Mimarlık öğreniminde bilgisayarın kullanımı konusunda kuramsal çalışmaların temelleri çok daha önceki dönemlere dayansa da, yaygın olarak kullanımı yaklaşık yirmi yıl geriye tarihlendirilebilir. Bu süreçte, BDT proje stüdyolarından ayrı dersler olarak mı ele alınacak, geleneksel proje stüdyoları ile bütünleşme arayışı güdülecek mi (Duarte ve diğ, 2012), kağıtsız-dijital stüdyo geleneksel stüdyonun yerini mi alacak (Norman, 2001), problem tabanlı öğrenme (Eilouti, 2007) yaklaşımlarıyla ele alınabilir mi ya da bilgisayar destekli üretim süreçleriyle ilişkilendirilebilir mi (Zarzycki, 2013) gibi çeşitli denemeler ve tartışmalar bulunmaktadır. BDT/BDÜ derslerinin tasarım edimi ile ilişkilenmeden ayrık olarak aktarıldığı süreçlerde, öğrenciler tasarım deneyimi ile dijital modelleme becerisini bütünleştirmekte güçlük yaşamaya devam etmeleri ve BDT/BDÜ derslerinde öğrendiklerini proje stüdyosuna yansıtmalarının uzun zaman aldığı gözlemlenmektedir. BDT/BDÜ becerisinin proje stüdyolarının içinde ve geleneksel tasarım stüdyolarının bir uzantısı olarak ele alındığı durumlarda ise, (a)hem yeni arayüzlerin becerisini edinme, (b)hem de bir tasarım problemini bağlamsal ilişkileri ile bütünlüklü olarak ele almak beklentisi öğrencilerde bilişsel yük yaratabilmektedir.Bu durum, tasarım ürünlerinin çeşitliliği ve bir tasarımın iteratif olarak geliştirmesi açısından mimari tasarım stüdyosu performansını olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Bunun sonucu olarak, biçimsel olarak karmaşık ancak yeterince olgunlaşmamış tasarım çözümleri sıklıkla karşılaşılmaktadır. Ya da BDT/BTÜ arayüzlerinin kullanımı, geleneksel tasarım sürecinde ortaya çıkan temsillerinin dijital karşılıklarının üretildiği araçlar olarak, temsil boyutuyla kısıtlı kalabilmektedir. Bilişsel yükün yoğun olduğu durumlarda, öğrencilerin BDT/BDÜ arayüzlerinin sunduğu olanakların potansiyellerini araştırmadan, yüzeysel bir beceri noktasında bunları öğrenmekten vazgeçmesi de sıklıkla karşılaşılan başka bir tutumdur. Matematiksel ve mantıksal modeller ve algoritmik/parametrik modelleme yaklaşımlarının kullanılması; tasarımcıların analog yöntemlerle kısıtlı zaman içerisinde hesaplamalarının olanaklı olmadığı alternatifleri de sunmakta ve tasarım sürecini zenginleştirebilmektedir. Ancak hangi işlemin geometriyi/biçimi nasıl dönüştürdüğü ve hangi ara sonuçları ortaya çıkarabileceği gibi işlem adımlarının şeffalığı ve parça-bütün ilişkisi üzerindeki farkındalık kolaylıkla kaybedilebilmektedir. Yukarıda sıralanan tespitlerden hareketle, yüksek lisans düzeyinde bir ders olan Dijital Mimari Tasarım ve Modelleme dersi, öğrencilerin dijital araçları yaratıcı kullanma becerilerini desteklemek amacıyla bir deney alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Dijital modellemenin mimarlığın bütün karmaşık ilişkilerini birlikte değil bunun yerine kendi içinde kısıtları bulunan parçalar halinde, “algoritmaları öğrenmek” hedefiyle öğretildiği “sindirilebilir küçüklükte bağlam” pedagojik modelinin 5 yarıyıl süresince uygulaması bu araştırmanın temel veri kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Sunulan pedagojiik yöntemde, bire-çok ve çoka-çok olmak üzere iki temel model kullanılmış, modelin kısıtlamaları ve potansiyelleri tartışılmıştır.Publication An analysis of accessibility in architectural design in terms of wheel chair users(2018) İskender, Emine; TÜRKYILMAZ, EMRAHAlthough legal rights of people with disabilities are known in Turkey, studies are insufficient on rearrangement of built environment in the fashion to serve physical accessibility of people with disabilities. This study aims to review legal rights of individuals with disabilities, within the current system in Turkey and to introduce rearrangements which enable indoor accessibility for people with disabilities. To that end, minimum requirements to enable physical indoor accessibility for individuals with disabilities were identified by examining the standards set forth by TS 9111 The Requirements of Accessibility in Buildings for People with Disabilities and Mobility Constraints, and those requirements were analyzed in terms of selected model projects. Within the scope of this research, indoor accessibility for individuals with disabilities who use wheelchair was addressed, and analyses on model projects were performed by checking requirements of wheelchair users. Following the analyses, accessibility of selected model projects was determined, and deductions were made on how designing process must be performed by taking minimum requirements into consideration.Publication An analysis of user satisfaction in relation with sense of belonging in high income housing: Atakoy case(2019) Barutçular, Tülin; DOSTOĞLU, NESLİHANHousing choice and satisfaction are among the most important factors for users in housing areas. Istanbul Atakoy is one of the areas where housing satisfaction is at the highest level in many respects. This area, which has expanded over time with new buildings, is still very instructive for researchers, although various studies on satisfaction have been carried out in the past. In this study, the aim is to obtain new data by means of Atakoy Konaklari, which was completed in 2006 and has been in use for twelve years, and Yali Atakoy which was completed in 2016 and has been in use for two years. Satisfaction and sense of belonging in Atakoy are intertwined concepts. While Neighborliness is seen as a value that is important, it also affects settlement decisions. In this respect, Atakoy is a very special region. A phenomenological approach has been adopted in the research and by means of in-depth interviews, taking the answers of the users directly, the concepts of neighborhood, neighborliness, satisfaction and belonging have been interpreted.Publication An entropy-based design evaluation model for architectural competitions through multiple factors(MDPI, ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND, 2019-11) Şener, Sinan Mert; GÜZELCİ, ORKAN ZEYNELGenerally, the evaluations in architectural competitions are based on quality where many criteria are involved. Additionally, many other inter-related criteria, identified by the members of the jury, emerge during jury evaluation. Hence, a great number of criteria play a role, with varying degrees of importance, in the evaluation process. The order of importance and weights of criteria (factors) in the evaluation phases are not fixed and differ according to the approaches of the jury members. The objective of this study is to investigate whether subjective means of evaluation can be associated with an objective and computable evaluation model. Entropy, an objective method used to measure disorder in buildings, offers significant potential in enhancing the comprehensibility of subjective tendencies in jury evaluation of architectural competitions. Previous studies have identified an inverted U relationship between entropy and subjective responses based on single and multiple factors. The Entropy-Based Design Evaluation Model (EBDEM), a method, analyzes the level of objectivity in jury evaluation and questions the predictability of evaluations through examining the relationship between the entropy values of projects and success outcomes. The Weighted Overall Entropy (WOE) was obtained by multiplying multiple factor entropy values with different weight coefficients with the purpose of ranking each project on an inverted U graph similar to jury results. The relationship between WOE values calculated and the ranking of the projects in the competitions were investigated. The findings within this study indicate that there are no relationships between single factor entropy values and ranking of the projects. Additionally, it was found that WOE values calculated for single-competition compared to multiple-competitions were more similar to jury evaluation results.Publication Applying analytic hierarchy process to the evaluation of double skin facades(2019-01) Önder, Naime; BOSTANCIOĞLU, ESRA; 108365A double skin facade (DSF) mediates the interaction between the outdoor environment and internal space, while also providing architectural flexibility to the building design. Designers and builders should evaluate DSF alternatives before selection of a design solution for a specific project context. In this study, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to evaluate questionnaire responses from experienced professionals. DSF alternatives and evaluation criteria were identified from the literature review and the hierarchical structure was determined based on the alternatives and the evaluation criteria. The evaluation criteria were used to measure and evaluate DSF. Experienced professionals evaluated criteria and DSF alternatives. The findings of this study provide designers and builders with valuable insights into DSF evaluation factors and DSF alternatives. The results may help designers and builders with the selection of facade systems.Publication Architectural History And Media: Caricatures As An Alternative Medium(2019-05) Çetinel, Meltem; 273373The architecture includes not only the built form as a physical existence, but it is also composed of discursive and visual understanding. For discursive and visual practices of architecture, media takes position through all professional, official or popular tools. The media reconstructs the information while conveying it to the public in its own ways. In terms of architecture and media, there is a reciprocal relationship that has an influence on both sides. The media has a transformative effect on the architecture and the value judgments. In other words, media renders the architecture and it transforms the value judgments of the society which also influences architecture in return. It is a kind of vicious cycle which has a bidirectional relationship. The media also documents the architectural culture and makes them immortal. Architectural history is mainly written by using professional documents directly related with the design of buildings and their architects, such as drawings, images, and writings of architects. Hence, historiography commonly focuses on the design of the building and how its architect designs it. However, contemporary architectural history requires sources beyond professional architectural documents to improve the historiography, such as films, posters, caricatures, cartoons, postcards etc. In this study it is aimed to discuss relations of media and architecture briefly and also to underline the variety in media tools. To materialize it analysis of housing production in the mid-twentieth century of Istanbul through caricatures is chosen as a case study of this paper. As a main result of this study, it is aimed to introduce caricatures as an alternative source for architectural historiography.Publication An Architectural Query of Anthropocene Era: Planned Obsolescence(Kare Publishing, 2023) AYDIN, HANIM GÜL; BİRER, EMELAfter Modernity, the human has become the subject, and the world redefined by the human has turned into a painting. However, the efforts of human subjectivity to reveal the world in the Anthropocene Era, with negative practices such as the “planned obsolescence theory,” which is the research subject, even prepares for the end of its existence. According to the research hypothesis evaluated through the theory’s effect on architectural problems, “secularization should take place against planned obsolete architecture.” The research aims to show that positive feedback can be provided in society and ecology by reversing architectural consumption. It is to open up for discussion that architecture, which is left in the tension of life and death but revived by the urbanites and nature despite the negativity of decay, can be sustained by becoming secularized. How planned obsolete architectures become secularized is revealed through visual documents and tables and discourse and descriptive analysis methods through architectures of different scales and geographies, which can be reactivated in human-nature activity while in crisis of decay. At the micro and macro scale of architecture, Hawthorne Plaza Shopping Center, Banker Han (Banker Kastelli), Doel Village, and Houtouwan Village were selected as purposeful examples.Publication Bakırın Patinası: Örneklerle Tarihsel Bir Okuma(2018-11) Evliyaoğlu, Furkan; 285374Maddesellik ve zaman ilişkisinde malzemenin yaşlanması, yani patina süreci, her malzemenin geçirdiği doğal bir süreç olarak kabul edilir. Ancak bakır, bu patina süreciyle diğer malzemelere göre hem kimyasal hem de fiziksel olarak daha farklı bir dönüşüm yaşamaktadır. Bakır geçirdiği korozyonlaşmayla birlikte yeni bir renk ve görünüme bürünmektedir. Bu dönüşüm ise bizlere, diğer malzemelerde olduğu gibi, bakırın, dolayısıyla da bakırın kullanıldığı yapının yaşı hakkında fikir vermektedir. Ancak patina sürecine yapılan müdahaleler ile yapının yaşı hakkında muğlaklıklar olabilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında da bakır malzemesi özelinde patina sürecine yapılan müdahaleler ile oluşan "yenilikçi" ürünlerin yarattığı muğlaklıklar örnekler üzerinden incelenmiştir.Publication Biyodijital Mimarlık Konularının Lisans Eğitimine Uyarlanması Üzerine bir Araştırma(2018-06) Karakoç, Erhan; 231942Biyodijital mimarlık, biyoloji, teknoloji ve mimarlık alanlarının kesişiminde yer alan ve dijital araçlar yardımıyla doğadaki canlıların ve oluşumların morfoloji, fonksiyon ve davranışlarının mimariye aktarılmasını sağlayan yenilikçi bir yaklaşımdır. Biyodijital mimarlık, hesaplamalı Mimarlığın hem araçsal hem de düşünsel altyapılarını destekleyen yeni tasarım araçlarının geliştirilmesi, özellikle gelişen yazılım dillerinin ve biyolojinin mimarlık araştırmalarında daha etkin biçimde kullanılabilir hâle gelmesiyle güncel bir alan tanımlamaktadır. Mimarlık mesleğinin yeni kimlik ve rol arayışına paralel olarak, akademik kurumlarda biyodijital yaklaşımın ve içerdiği yeni tasarım yöntemlerinin mimarlık eğitimi ile bütünleşmesi, güncel bir araştırma alanı doğurmaktadır. Biyodijital mimarlık konuları ve buna dayalı yöntemlerin öğretimi bazı üniversitelerin yüksek lisans ve doktora programlarında mevcuttur. Lisansüstü seviyede verilen bu yaklaşım, bu alana ilgi duyan mimarların profesyonel ve akademik hayatta bu eğitimi almalarına paralel olarak tasarım yöntemlerini ileriye taşıdıkları gözlemlenebilmektedir. Lisans eğitimi sonucu verilen mimar ünvanı sayesinde lisans eğitimini tamamlamış herkesin bina tasarlama yetkisi bulunmaktadır. Mimarlık alanının en yeni alanlarından olan biyodijital mimarlık kavramları ve buna dayalı tasarım yöntemlerinden haberdar olmayan mimarlar, geleneksel eğitimlerinin çıktıları doğrultusunda eserler ortaya çıkarabilmektedir. Bu durum mimaride teknolojinin etkin kullanılamamasına ve yapı stoğunun teknolojik gelişmelere ve biyodijital mimarlığın getirdiği avantajlara paralel olmayan bir biçimde büyümesine neden olmaktadır. Bunlara dayanarak biyodijital mimarlık alanının farkındalığının, lisans eğitiminde seçmeli dersler ve atölye çalışmaları ile artırılması bu bildirinin motivasyonu olarak belirlenmiştir. Konu kapsamında araştırma soruları aşağıdaki gibi belirlenmiştir; -Biyodijital Mimarlık, eğitim araştırmaları bağlamında nasıl tanımlanabilir? -Mimarlık lisans ders programlarında biyodijital mimarlık ve kavramlarına nasıl yer verilebilir? -Biyodijital mimarlığın öğretilmesinde önerilen seçmeli ders ve atölye çalışmalarının (Workshop) programlarının içeriğinin nasıl olması beklenmektedir? -Lisans ders programlarına biyodijital mimarlığın konularını uyarlamanın avantajları ve dezavantajları nelerdir? -Geleneksel tasarım derslerinin yürütülmesi ile biyodijital mimariye dayalı tasarım derslerinin yürütülmesindeki farklı pedagojik yaklaşımları değerlendirmek üzere nasıl bir eğitim modeli önerilebilir? -Bir stüdyo egzersizinin biyodijital mimarlık kapsamında ele alınması için bilgisayar gerekli midir? Gerekliyse nasıl kullanılmalıdır? -Biyodijital mimarlık egzersizleri nasıl kurgulanabilir? Bildiri kapsamında, kurgulanan iki çalışma bu sorular üzerinden değerlendirilerek belirgin olmayan ve kesin yargılar içermeyen, genel çerçevede biyodijital mimarlığın lisans düzeyinde uygulanmasına yönelik öngörüler oluşturulması amaçlanmaktadır. Değerlendirmeler ışığında, biyodijital tasarım eğitiminin verildiği üniversitelerin programları ve ders içerikleri ile ilgili öneriler geliştirilmesi ve öğrencilerin katılacağı atölye çalışmalarının kurgulanması ile ilgili önerilerin tartışılması bildirinin odak noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Bildiri kapsamında planlanan bu atölye çalışmalarının ve oluşturulması amaçlanan ders içeriklerinde, mimarlığın doğa esinli tasarım sürecinden dijital ortama aktarılmasından üretimine kadar lisans öğrencilerine biyodijital mimarlığın anlatılması yöntemlerinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Anahtar kelimeler: Biyodijital Mimarlık, Mimarlık Eğitimi, Mimari Stüdyo Eğitimi.Publication Contributions of Art in Public Space to the Riverside Urbanity: Amasya Examplar(Istanbul University Research Institute of Turkology, 2022) BİRER, EMELAmasya is a multilayered city with the Yesilirmak river flowing through and historical Yaliboyu houses on the riverbank in the city center. This area has been the object of attempts to transform it into a tourist attraction. The Yaliboyu Promenade, which was built by filling the area between the Yaliboyu houses and the Magdenus Bridge and the Tas Bridge in the south of Yesilirmak, started to become a public space on which art began to take place after the 2000s. How the art performed in the riverside area affects the urban design is the departure point of this study. The research question is whether the public artwork along the riverbank promenade contributes to the urban image. The aim is to investigate the artwork on the bank and discuss their relationships to the city. The methodology consists of one phase is about the urban reading method of Lynch, the positions of the artwork as focal points have been discussed. Findings show that in the existence of a historical texture, art fails to have the aspired effect. What fits better the future projection is to implement aesthetic public art to revive new urban areas designed in the public areas of the city for the different focal points.Publication Conversion of Memory in Architecture and Culture of İstiklal Street Between 2005- 2019(2019-09) Sav, Sedef; KARABETÇA, ALİYE RAHŞAN; 257590Beyoğlu which was called “Pera”, meaning “other”, “other side, “opposite side”, by Genoese and Venetians, and plays an important role in the existence of İstanbul, had faced different transformations in different periods. The main route of this district called as İstiklal Street (Grand Rue de Pera) had been affected by this transformation in cultural and architectural aspects. The rapid progress of this transformation, especially between the years 2005-2019, brought about a negative conversion. This conversion had led to a serious architectural and memory destruction of the Street and this situation is still continuing. The fact that this damage/transformation cannot be sustained/avoided in terms of cultural memory and belonging prevents future generations from establishing a bond with their past. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to underline the reasons for triggering this process instead of preventing the original values of İstiklal Street which is an important data for user profile and memory. Within this scope, the paper draws attention to negativity by emphasizing the main reasons for changing the cultural structure, demography, and architecture of İstiklal Street. In this paper, a comparison was made between street images of 2005 and 2019 to ascertain how the architectural conversions were made based on façades and functions. The changes that happened between 2005- 2019 over the existing, destructed and new buildings were discussed. The relationship between functional changes in buildings, design approaches for new constructions and user profiles were evaluated within the scope of memory and transformation. In addition, a profound literature review was conducted and it was investigated whether there were connections between the previous transformations of the street and the dates mentioned in the paper. Between 1942 and 1964, the migration policies applied to non-Muslims originating from the inclusion of capital tax, the establishment of the state of Israel, the events of September 6-7 and the Cyprus problems led to a major transformation of the street in cultural terms. This also effected the user profile and function of the abandoned buildings. Besides, while the entire Istanbul was transformed by the demolitions of 1957-58 and 1986-88, the Beyoğlu district was significantly affected by this change both in positive and negative ways. With the closure of İstiklal Street to the traffic and re-start of the tram service, architecture and culture on the street started to revive (inal, 2014). Nowadays, this transformation is made in different ways and it is aimed to change the cultural memory, so the architecture of the street has changed in this direction. This study provides information on how the architectural and cultural changes can continue in the future that the street has undergone so far.Publication Cooperation of interDisciplinary in vocational education interior architecture design studio study case(2020-05) Tosun, Vehbi; Akbaş, Gamze; Erdemir, Zuhal; ERÇETİN, ARZUInterdisciplinary collaborative teaching and learning methods on national and international academic platforms is the agenda of discussion environments in recent years. In particular, the key role of the interior design studios' educational environment, which constitutes the backbone of interior architecture education, is to play a key role in providing students with interdisciplinary design understanding and teamwork skills.Because studio studies are basically the courses in which all the vocational education taken are reinforced, developed and the design product is put forward. It is possible to consider the historical background of the main themes found in cun-ent studio education discussions within the framework of an ongoing change process since the 1950s.Especially, the Bauhaus education model of Turkey in the acceptance, training with the shaping of studio work in this context, from the art to technique, a lot of discipline has emerged at the same time expressing the difference. The aim of this article is to draw a holistic picture by considering the subject of interdisciplinary collaborative design in a historical perspective in architectural / interior design education which is widely available in the literature today. Such a picture, in the field of higher education in our country, within the framework of Bologna reform, experienced a change process and general competencies expected to gain a balanced education of interior architecture and in these days, where occupational-specific competences are identified, it is thought to increase awareness.
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