Publication: Alternatif İran filmleri, oryantalizm ve iki bacaklı at
Date
2019
Authors
Şakrak, Bilgehan Ece
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Abstract
Ana akım Hollywood filmlerine karşı alternatif bir yaklaşım sergileyen İran filmleri,
özellikle 1990’lı yıllarda film festivalleri aracılığıyla uluslararası platformda kendini
göstermeye başlar. Batı’nın karşısında Doğu’nun oluşu, hiç kuşkusuz ki Doğu’nun
anlamlandırılması konusunda temsiliyete ilişkin “oryantalizm ve ötekilik” gibi birtakım
kavramları da beraberinde getirir. Bu çalışmada, alternatif İran filmlerinin anlatısının nasıl
bir zemin üzerine kurulduğunun anlaşılması için öncelikle İran sinema tarihine değinilmiş,
90’lı yıllarda uluslararası festivallerle Batı’nın dikkatini çeken ve popülerleşen alternatif
İran filmlerindeki genel anlatı yapısı Arkadaşımın Evi Nerede? (1987), Cennetin Çocukları
(1997), Sarhoş Atlar Zamanı (2000) gibi örneklerle değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı
ise yaklaşık olarak yirmi yıllık süreç içinde, İran filmlerindeki alternatif anlatının nasıl
dönüştüğünün saptanmasıdır. Bu noktada uluslararası film festivallerinde Batı’nın takdirini
kazanarak ödülden ödüle koşan, yönetmenliğini İranlı Samira Makhmalbaf’ın yaptığı İki
Bacaklı At (2008) filmi, Edward Said’in oryantalizme ilişkin görüşleri çerçevesinde
çözümlenmiş, Batı’nın önünde Doğu’nun “kendi kendini ötekileştirme” si bağlamında
değerlendirilmiştir.
Iranian films that form alternative approaches in the face of mainstream Hollywood films have started to be known in international platforms, especially by film festivals, since approximately 1990s. The existence of the East in the face of the West undoubtedly brings with it certain concepts such as “orientalism and otherness “ in the meaning of the East about representation. In this study, firstly, the history of Iranian cinema is mentioned in order to understand how the narrative of alternative Iranian films were based on. The general narrative structure in the Iranian films attracting the attention of the West in the 1990’s international film festivals are evaluated with examples of Where is My Friend’s House (1987), Children of Paradise (1997), Time of Drunken Horses (2000). The aim of the study is determining of transformation of narrative in the alternative Iranian films in approximately twenty years. At this point, award-winning film in international film festivals The Two-Legged Horse (2008), by Iranian director Samira Makhmalbaf is analyzed according to Edward Said’s views on orientialism, and evaluated in the context of “self-othering” of the East in front of the West
Iranian films that form alternative approaches in the face of mainstream Hollywood films have started to be known in international platforms, especially by film festivals, since approximately 1990s. The existence of the East in the face of the West undoubtedly brings with it certain concepts such as “orientalism and otherness “ in the meaning of the East about representation. In this study, firstly, the history of Iranian cinema is mentioned in order to understand how the narrative of alternative Iranian films were based on. The general narrative structure in the Iranian films attracting the attention of the West in the 1990’s international film festivals are evaluated with examples of Where is My Friend’s House (1987), Children of Paradise (1997), Time of Drunken Horses (2000). The aim of the study is determining of transformation of narrative in the alternative Iranian films in approximately twenty years. At this point, award-winning film in international film festivals The Two-Legged Horse (2008), by Iranian director Samira Makhmalbaf is analyzed according to Edward Said’s views on orientialism, and evaluated in the context of “self-othering” of the East in front of the West
Description
Keywords
İran Sineması, Oryantalizm, Kendi Kendini Ötekileştirme, Anlatı, Temsil, Iranian Cinema, Orientialism, Self-Othering, Narration, Representation