Uluslararası İndeksli Yayınlar / International Indexed Publications
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Publication A Comparative Study to Determine the Effective Window Size of Turkish Word Sense Disambiguation Systems(Springer, 233 Spring Street, New York, Ny 10013, United States, 2013) Adalı, Eşref; Tantuğ, Ahmet Cüneyd; İLGEN, BAHAR; 141812; 8786; 21833In this paper, the effect of different windowing schemes on word sense disambiguation accuracy is presented. Turkish Lexical SampleDataset has been used in the experiments. We took the samples of ambiguous verbs and nouns of the dataset and used bag-of-word properties as context information. The experi-ments have been repeated for different window sizes based on several machine learning algorithms. We follow 2/3 splitting strategy (2/3 for training, 1/3 for test-ing) and determine the most frequently used words in the training part. After re-moving stop words, we repeated the experiments by using most frequent 100, 75, 50 and 25 content words of the training data. Our findings show that the usage of most frequent 75 words as features improves the accuracy in results for Turkish verbs. Similar results have been obtained for Turkish nouns when we use the most frequent 100 words of the training set. Considering this information, selected al-gorithms have been tested on varying window sizes {30, 15, 10 and 5}. Our find-ings show that Naive Bayes and Functional Tree methods yielded better accuracy results. And the window size +/-5 gives the best average results both for noun and the verb groups. It is observed that the best results of the two groups are 65.8 and 56% points above the most frequent sense baseline of the verb and noun groups respectively.Publication A Holistic Approach For The Optimization of Offshore Wind Farm Layouts Considering Cable Layouts(2019-08) Alabaş Uslu, Çiğdem; ÜLKÜ, İLAYDA; 51700A wind farm, mainly, is composed of a set of turbines, one or more transmitters and a set of electrical cable connections between turbines and transmitters. Determination of turbine locations within the farm to maximize total power generation is called turbine location (TL) problem. Relative turbine positions affect the amount of overall energy because of wake effects. Determination of cable connections among turbines and transmitters to collect produced energy by turbines at transmitters is called cable layout (CL) problem. While TL problem is directly effective on the total energy production in the farm, CL problem indirectly affects the total energy due to the power losses. In the literature, TL and CL problems are solved sequentially where the layout found by solving of TL is used as an input of CL problem. To minimize wake effects in TL problem, distances between turbine pairs should be increased, however, as the distances are increased the cable cost increases in CL problem. A new mathematical model is developed to deal with simultaneously solving of TL and CL problems. A set of test instances are used to show the performance of the proposed model. The experiments show the practical use of the proposed holistic model.Publication A method to analyze the living spaces of wheelchair users using IFC(Elsevier Science Bv, Sara Burgerhartstraat 25, Po Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2016) TÜRKYILMAZ, EMRAH; 113480Full physical adequacy for individuals is a temporary condition. Everyone has some limitations on the part of his life. Disabled people have some special needs. However, design for disabled are still made generic. The conventional methods are used to control the design and results are not satisfactory. BIM (Building Information Modeling) is such a good option to control the design. In this study, a method that analyzes the living spaces by using BIM model was developed. While using proposed model, it is possible to define all incompatibilities properly and use them as design feedback to create effective living spaces for wheelchair users. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.Publication A proposal for energy efficient design: an IFC based design decision system and its application(WIT Press, 2014) TÜRKYILMAZ, EMRAH; 113480Today, a large part of the total energy consumed in buildings is used to provide adequate indoor air quality and indoor lighting. The dirt and noise of urban environments encourage keeping buildings closed tight, with a resultant reliance on mechanical systems. Despite tightening the building envelope to decrease energy consumption, the building itself becomes more dependent on mechanical systems and monitors to assure adequate heat, ventilation and air-conditioning. The need, amount and the timing of energy efficient air conditioning are the subjects of studies, which include how to provide efficient air conditioning to control indoor air quality. Within this context, the aim of the research is to develop a design decision system to provide sufficient and consistent knowledge on air-conditioning for the design process. Today, there are only a few systems serving the same aim with a very limited capacity. These systems are not designed to be either cost-effective or industrial applicable. Air-conditioning and air circulation analysis of spaces are made by CFD (Computer Fluid Dynamics) software. In order to use air-conditioning and air circulation analysis in design process efficiently, CFD analysis software and BIM (Building Information Modelling) software should work together. Three steps are followed to develop the proposed system. First, what the results of air circulation analysis used by architects is composed of. Second, an interface is designed to define air circulation analysis in BIM software. Third, additional properties set to Industry Foundation Classes (IFCs) standard to keep analysis data on BIM model is prepared. A computer laboratory and a conference room are chosen to test the developed system. The evaluation of preliminary test results are shown that the developed system produces easily understandable graphic analysis for architects. While using the proposed system, air conditioning is no longer a very general characteristic of a design process but it is a real design feature forming the overall design process.Publication A proposal for the definition of housing with EXPRESS(2019-07) Bayer, Semih; TÜRKYILMAZ, EMRAHThis article describes how to use the EXPRESS language for the definition of an architectural product. To make this definition, EXPRESS language and ISO 10303 standards examined. A housing project in the BIM environment described as an example by EXPRESS. The results show that it is possible to make the desired calculations about the house with EXPRESS. The definition made with a project that is still in the design phase can determine whether the project provides the desired spatial conditions by making any calculations. Thus, quality and cost-effective projects can obtain.Publication A Survey on White Box Cryptography Model for Mobile Payment Systems(2017-12-28) Aydın, Muhammed Ali; Sertbaş, Ahmet; ŞENGEL, ÖZNUR; 144004; 176402; 2283The technology is showing rapid development and these developments are changing our lives, our habits, and our needs. As electronic devices, which are indispensable for our daily lives, continue to be intelligent, we are able to do our every operation through these devices. Mobile payment technologies and services are one of the innovations. Consumers all over the world and in our country have started to use their mobile devices as a means of payment as well as communication services. With rapidly developing technology, one of the most important needs of many systems such as electronic, mobile and bank is to move and store the data safely. In addition to data security in electronic transactions, the speed of the system operations is becoming very important. Developing a mobile payment system whether by installing an application or using existing hardware, the most important issue in both cases is the creation of a reliable system based on the protection of the current situation of the consumer and the confidentiality of their information.Publication A Wearable Device for Virtual Cyber Therapy of Phantom Limb Pain(2018-09) Tarakçı, Ela; Aydın, Muhammed; Zaim, Abdul Halim; AKBULUT, AKHAN; AŞCI, GÜVEN; 285689; 116056; 101760; 176402; 8693Phantom limb pain (PLP) is the condition most often occurs in people who have had a limb amputated and it is may affect their life severely. When the brain sends movement signals to the phantom limb, it returns and causes a pain. Many medical approaches aim to treat the PLP, however the mirror therapy still considered as the base therapy method. The aim of this research is to develop a wearable device that measures the EMG signals from PLP patients to classify movements on the amputated limb. These signals can be used in virtual reality and augmented reality environments to realize the movements in order to reduce pain. A data set was generated with measurements taken from 8 different subjects and the classification accuracy achieved as 90% with Neural Networks method that can be used in cyber therapies.This type of therapy provides strong visuals which make the patient feel he/she really have the limb. The patient will have great therapy session time with comparison to the other classical therapy methods that can be used in home environments.Publication Adaptation of Gamification as a Man-Machine Interface to Franchise Management System(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) ALTUNEL, YUSUF; GÜNAYDIN, BURAK; KALABALIKOĞLU, FURKANCurrent man-machine interfaces are far from fitting human expectations in understanding and transmission of noteworthy signs and hints that are natural ingredients of human communication. There are certain indicators and interaction possibilities that can be passed between the two sides but as a result of complex behavior and dynamic changing conditions of environments they can be lost, or at least might require long and complex processing. Gamification is used to enhance the interaction possibilities providing the visual representation of environmental conditions and critical indicators, as well as providing the ability to send and receive requests using suitable techniques for human such as touches, and finger moves on Unity environment. Franchise Management System is selected as a case study and adapted to maintain the interactions between franchiser and franchisee. © 2021 IEEE.Publication An Arduino UNO application: GPS guided unmanned ground vehicle(IEEE, 345 E 47Th St, New York, Ny 10017 USA, 2017) Bozik, Tugay; GÜRKAN, GÜRAY; 113297This paper presents an application of Arduino UNO to GPS guided unmanned vehicle. The four-wheeled small scale (55 cm x 25 cm) vehicle is capable of moving forward, rotating and consists of a GPS sensor, a magnetometer, a motor driver and four DC motors. The target coordinates (key points) are manually entered as a part of the control algorithm script (.ino file). The developed control algorithm makes a blind calculation of the distance and required rotation between consecutive key points. The initial coordinates of the vehicle, however, requires the only field-dependent calculation of the distance and target heading between the initial and the first key point. The whole target route is achieved by consecutive "rotation" and "forward movements (straight path)" between key points. The GPS sensor is used to determine the initial coordinates whereas magnetometer is used to determine the heading (and rotation) before (and during) each key point movement. When taxiing through blind-calculated route, the acquired GPS data is transmitted via Bluetooth for offline monitoring.Publication An Integrated Pythagorean Fuzzy AHP & TOPSIS Method for the Selection of the Most Appropriate Clean Energy Technology(2019-07) Karaşan, Ali; Kahraman, Cengiz; GÜNDOĞDU, FATMA KUTLU; 273471; 227871; 9178Clean energy technologies which include renewable energy, electric vehicles, nuclear power and biofuels focus on ways to boost demand and de ployment by societies. Governments in many countries aim to increase the clean energy technologies and oner incentives to increase tendency on that sec tor. One of the reasons of these incentives is to prevent the global warming. For example. 30% of global electricity can be produced from wind and solar power in the long tenn, without adding to the total cost of reaching a low-carbon fu ture. In this study, we use an integrated Pythagorean fuzzy MCDM method consist of AHP and TOPSIS for the selection of the most appropriate clean en ergy7 technology for the Marmara Region.Publication An Unsupervised Data Mining Approach for Clustering Customers of Abrasive Manufacturer(2019-07) AKBURAK, DİLEK; 275470Customer segmentation is the process of dividing customers into groups based on common similar characteristics such as value, location, demography etc. Companies can communicate with each group effectively and appropriately by considering these common properties. Data mining algorithms are the most utilized techniques which lead direct marketers to develop their marketing strategies tailored to particular segments and/or individuals. Clustering is one of the unsupervised data mining methods used for grouping set of objects such a way that objects in the same group have maximum similarity while between group similarities are low. K-means clustering is a commonly used non-hierarchical clustering method for performing non-parametrical learning tasks. This study aims to identify customer types according to their profitability, value and risk in order to take appropriate action for each group via clustering. In this study, data items are grouped according to coded customer profile with respect to the consumers’ total expenditures. Customers are segmented as VIP, Platinum, Gold, and Bronze into 4 groups according to their values within 2 years.Publication Analysis of Factors Affecting the Capital Adequacy Ratio in the Turkish Banking Sector(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022) KÖTEN, AYŞEGÜL BERRAKThe banking sector performs financial intermediation transactions in accordance with its basic function. Factors such as the diversification of financial products and rapid change in technology cause changes in the structure of the banking sector while also revealing the different types of risks. With regard to bank risk and profitability management, it is vital that capital structures are at such a level as to meet the risks. The adequacy and strength of the capital structures in banks are the basic conditions for the functioning of the system and the establishment of trust. Keeping this ratio at certain levels and ensuring continuity in this value is very important for banks to work effectively and efficiently. The study aims to determine the long-term relationships of factors affecting the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) with the help of Westerlund and Edgerton (2007) LM Bootstrap panel cointegration test for commercial (deposit), development and investment and Islamic banking groups with the annual data for the 2010–2020 period in Turkish banking sector. As a result of the analysis of the three bank groups, it was determined that the total assets, liquidity adequacy ratio, and equity/total risk-weighted item ratios positively affected the capital adequacy ratio, and the market risk and nonperforming loan (NPL)/total cash loan ratios were statistically significantly affected. Furthermore, the coefficiency of the error correction term was negative and statistically significant, and the error correction mechanism was seen to be working. The most effective variable on capital adequacy was seen as the liquidity adequacy ratio. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Publication Analysis of the Lingering Effects of COVID-19 on Distance Education(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) KOCAÇINAR, BÜŞRA; QARIZADA, NASIBULLAH; DİKKAYA, CİHAN; AZGUN, EMİRHAN; ELİF, YILDIRIM; AKBULUT, FATMA PATLAREducation has been severely impacted by the spread of the COVID-19 virus. In order to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus and maintain education in the current climate, governments have compelled the public to adopt online platforms. Consequently, this decision has affected numerous lives in various ways. To investigate the impact of COVID-19 on students’ education, we amassed a dataset consisting of 10,000 tweets. The motivations of the study are; (i) to analyze the positive, negative, and neutral effects of COVID-19 on education; (ii) to analyze the opinions of stakeholders in their tweets about the transition from formal education to e-learning; (iii) to analyze people’s feelings and reactions to these changes; and (iv) to analyze the effects of different training methods on different groups. We constructed emotion recognition models utilizing shallow and deep techniques, including Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long-short Term Memory (LSTM), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Logical Regression (LR). RF algorithms with a bag-of-words model outperformed with over 80% accuracy in recognizing emotions.Publication An Analytical Approach to Machine Layout Design at a High-Pressure Die Casting Manufacturer(Springer-Verlag Singapore Pte Ltd., 2022) EMİR, OĞUZ; AKTİN, AYŞE TÜLİNSahin Metal was founded in 1975 on a 7500 m(2) area in.Istanbul to supply high-pressure aluminum casting parts to a variety of industries, especially automotive manufacturers. 64 different products are produced with various routings through 14 workstations in the plant. Being a Tier 2 company, these products are then sent to Tier 1 firms and finally reach the leading vehicle manufacturers. Nowadays, increasing competition, changing customer demands, and quality targets bring the necessity of restructuring internal processes. In this regard, Sahin Metal plans to rearrange the existing machine layout to minimize the distance traveled between departments by taking into account the material flow. This study aims to determine an efficient machine layout design by implementing analytical approaches. The study is started by visiting the production facility and meeting with the company's engineers to determine the project roadmap. Following that, the data collection process is initiated, and ABC analysis is performed to define product classes. After this identification, two approaches are utilized simultaneously. The Hollier method is employed to find a logical machine arrangement. In addition, a mathematical model based on the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) is developed to obtain the optimum machine layout. The developed integer nonlinear model is solved by CONOPT using GAMS software under various scenarios. Finally, these results are compared with the existing system, and a convenient layout design is proposed to the company.Publication The Applicability of Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks to the Prediction Process of Consistency and Compaction Properties of High Plastic Clays(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Akbay Arama, Zülal; GENÇDAL, HAZAL BERRAK; Nuray, Said Enes; Yücel, MeldaIn all kinds of site investigation reports prepared to acquire the current situation of the project site, it is a common fact to perform the consistency tests which are specialized as Atterberg limit tests. Consistency can be defined as an important term, especially for fine-grained soils, to appoint the current state of the water content of soil formation in the field. Based on the ease and cost-effectiveness of the Atterberg tests, it has become a traditional solution to determine the fundamental design properties such as the rigidity and strength of the soil formation with the use of empirical approaches that are developed according to them. In this context, “compaction” can be an interesting term to investigate the appropriateness of determination of special characteristics of the phenomenon such as the optimum water content and the maximum dry unit weight with the development of a new perspective based on a simplest experimental process formed with only the evaluation of water content. Because it is a complicated and time-consuming process to apply the compaction test beginning of the sample preparation step to the ultimate evaluation step. Hence, in this paper, an integrated study is performed for highly plastic clays to acquire the consistency and the compaction properties together with a direct relationship. A huge database was prepared according to the data’s given in the well-accepted literature sources by the transmission of liquid limit and plastic limit test results conducted for only the high plastic clays. Besides, simple equations are tried to be obtained to calculate the plasticity index and approximations are proposed to find the maximum dry unit weight and the optimum water content of the soil, respectively. As a result, the applicability of both the regression analysis and the artificial neural network studies to the attainment process of both consistency characteristics and compaction problem were compared with each other to procure a reliable determination process. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Publication The Art of Machine Learning as Fashion Stylish for Designing Clothes(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) KEYDAL, DUYGU; OYMAK, ERENCAN; DEMİR, KADİR BATUHAN; Yılmaz, Güray; ŞAHİNGÖZ, ÖZGÜR KORAYOver the years, designers have come to the fore with their originality and personal styles and have shaped the fashion industry with their designs. However, due to the progress of time, designers have become unable to meet the demands of all consumers. Since it takes a lot of time to produce an original design, the production process progresses slowly, and customers are uncomfortable with this situation. As in many other industries, designers are trying to solve this problem with the help of artificial intelligence, which is indispensable in the fields of commerce, art, and security. It first entered the fashion sector with drawing programs in the 1950s and has started to change the fashion sector since the 2000s. In the 1950s, artificial intelligence was used only to create a virtual drawing environment When the designer makes a mistake, he can simply erase the mistake and continue working on the design without having to start the whole design from scratch. These programs have greatly facilitated the work of designers. Designers are now able to draw their designs in a much shorter time. But even this shortened period is not enough for the whole fashion industry. Designers could still not keep up with the demands of all customers. Thanks to researchers who added different perspectives to artificial intelligence in the early 2000s with its usage not only for drawing but also for designing, Therefore, in this paper, it is aimed at producing some original designs by preserving the designer's style with the use of Aí techniques. With the proposed model, it has become able to produce ready-made designs by using features such as object detection and visual processing. The experimental results showed that Aí techniques are very successful for combining different patterns for producing an original fashion style. © 2022 IEEE.Publication Autonomous vehicle control for Lane and vehicle tracking by using deep learning via vision(2018) Olgun, Masum Celil; Baytar, Zakir; Akpolat, Kadir Metin; ŞAHİNGÖZ, ÖZGÜR KORAYCamera-based lane detection and vehicle tracking algorithms are one of the keystones for many autonomous systems. The navigational process of those systems is mainly focused on the output of detection algorithms. However, detection algorithms for lane detection need more pre-processing time and computational effort. They are also affected by environmental conditions and must regularly be improved. In this paper machine learning techniques and computer vision algorithms are utilized for the tasks of the lane and vehicle tracking of an autonomous vehicle control scenario. With the nature of used learning algorithm, the proposed system can handle complex image problems. The vehicle, on which we implement our algorithms, can manage to carry out the following tasks autonomously; tracking the lanes, following another vehicle, and stopping in necessary conditions. For that, one of the primary purposes is image-based lane tracking methodology by using learning algorithms. Data augmentation is applied to create diversity for the dataset. Application in this methodology has been discussed. For lane tracking Convolutional Neural Network architecture which is based on NVIDIA's PilotNet is preferred. For detecting objects and vehicles, the system is trained on the faster region-based convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) to identify traffic light and stop sign are by Haar Cascade Classifier. All these learning models are trained on NVIDIA GTX 1070 Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) to reduce training time. Experimental results showed that the proposed system gives a favorable result to autonomously control vehicles for lane and vehicle tracking purposes by vision.Publication B-Spline Solution and the Chaotic Dynamics of Troesch's Problem(Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, Al Lotnikow 32-46, Pl-02-668 Warsaw, Poland, 2014-02) Çağlar, Süleyman Hikmet; Çağlar, Hatice Nazan; Özer, Mehmet; 114368; 110809; 2509A B-spline method is presented for solving the Troesch problem. The numerical approximations to the solution are calculated and then their behavior is studied and commenced. The chaotic dynamics exhibited by the solutions of Troesch's problem as they were derived by the decomposition method approximation are examined and an approximate critical value for the parameter lambda is introduced also in this study. For the parameter value slightly less than lambda approximate to 2.2, the solutions begin to show successive bifurcations, finally entering chaotic regimes at higher lambda values. The effectiveness and accuracy of the B-spline method is verified for different values of the parameter, below its critical value, where the first bifurcation occurs.Publication B-Spline Solution for a Convection-Diffusion Equation(Polish Acad Sciences Inst Physics, Al Lotnikow 32-46, Pl-02-668 Warsaw, Poland, 2014-02) Çağlar, Süleyman Hikmet; Çağlar, Hatice Nazan; Özer, Mehmet; 114368; 110809; 2509This paper is concerned with the numerical solution of the convection diffusion problems. A family of B-spline methods has been considered for the numerical solution of the problems. The results showed that the present method is an applicable technique and approximates the exact solution.Publication Building up lexical sample dataset for Turkish word sense disambiguation(2012-07-02) Adalı, Eşref; Tantuğ, Ahmet Cüneyd; İLGEN, BAHAR; 141812; 8786; 21833Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) has become even more important research area in recent years with the widespread usage of Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. WSD task has two variants: “Lexical Sample” and “All Words” approaches. Lexical Sample approach disambiguates the occurrences of a small sample of target words that were previously selected, while in the latter all the words in a piece of text are disambiguated. In the scope of this work, a Lexical Sample Dataset for Turkish has been prepared. As a first step, highly ambiguous words in Turkish have been selected. Collection of text samples for chosen words has been completed. Five taggers have annotated the word senses. This paper summarizes the step-by-step building-up process of a Lexical Sample Dataset in Turkish and presents the results of some experiments on it.