Browsing by Author "Shabani, Masoud"

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Open Access
Art Therapy to Control Nail Biting Using a Cognitive Behavioral Approach Through New Innovative Game and Animation
(Springer Nature, 2024) SHABANI, SEVİL MOMENİ; Darabi, Fatemeh; Azimi, Ahad; Nejaddagar, Nazila; Vaziri, Keyvan; Shabani, Masoud
Background: Nail biting is categorized as a habitual behavior, commonly observed in children and occasionally in adults. This disorder occurs unconsciously, with individuals often unaware of their behavior. Since there are physical and psychological complications and quality of life problems in nail -biting, addressing this problem is very important and there are many theories in support of art therapy including: psychodynamic; humanistic (phenomenological, gestalt, person centered); psycho-educational (behavioral, cognitive behavioral, developmental); systemic (family and group therapy); as well as integrative and eclectic approaches. Art therapy, applied through various methods, serves as a strategy for habit modification. This study evaluates the impact of art therapy as a game and animation on controlling nail biting. Methods: The research was conducted as a single-group clinical trial, assessing participants before and after the intervention without a control group. The sample size was 14 participants, picked by the convenience technique. All students were referred to a counseling service center for nail-biting management. Seven girls and seven boys aged 9–12 participated in this study. Initially, the children were medically examined to confirm their physical well-being. Subsequently, assessments were made regarding parenting styles and anxiety levels, followed by baseline measurements and documentation of nail-biting frequency prior to the counseling intervention. Considering the importance of family support in empathizing with the child and the role of loneliness and anxiety in nail biting, two questionnaires (Goodenough’s Draw-a-Man Test and Baumrind’s Parenting Style Inventory) have been used for this study. A game and animation that increases self-awareness skills and reveals the cognitive error of the false pleasure of nail biting for the child, as well as alternative preventive behaviors are used in this study. Parents and children were then instructed as to how to use the new games and animations created for this purpose as part of the counseling sessions to address nail biting. The frequency of nail biting was monitored throughout the study, and finally, the data were subjected to a statistical analysis. It should be said that not having a control group in this research is one of the limitations of the study. Results: The results indicated a remarkable improvement in nail biting frequency following the introduction of the games, demonstrating a significant reduction in the behavior. The findings showed that the total number of times of nail biting in the group increased from 149 times a day at the beginning of the study to 20 times a day at the end of the intervention, and it actually shows an 86 percent decrease in the habit of nail biting in the group. Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of the art therapy intervention in curbing nail biting, it is recommended that future research be conducted as a controlled clinical trial with parallel groups and a larger sample. Additionally, at the beginning of studies related to art therapy and habitual behavioral disorders, it is better to measure children’s life skills, including self-awareness, problem-solving skills, and creative thinking. Dealing with various tools and methods of art therapy in a comparative manner is another research need in the future because it provides a suitable structure for digital and internet-based services and finally artificial intelligence in this field. © The Author(s) 2024.
Open Access
Effectiveness of Motion Graphic-Based Narrative Therapy With a Cognitive-Behavioral Approach in Reducing Fluoride Varnish Therapy Anxiety for Six-Year-Old Children
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) SHABANI, SEVİL MOMENİ; Darabi, Fatemeh; Azimi, Ahad; Shabani, Masoud
BACKGROUND: Fluoride varnish therapy (FVT) is a dental caries preventive service that its effectiveness has been well documented. A lot of children, especially the five-year-old and six-year-old ones, are suffering with anxiety during this service and do not readily allow it. The present study aimed to cast light on the effect of motion graphic-based narrative story with a cognitive-behavioral approach in reducing FVT anxiety among six-year-old children. MATERIALS AND METHODS:This study was an intervention trial type that was conducted in Ardabil city and among school students. Five children suffering from FVT anxiety were randomly selected for the intervention. First, Venham and Gaulin-Kremer's anxiety scale was completed for them. The motion graphic-based narrative therapy was implemented for six weeks. Session 1 was assigned to filling the questionnaire and collecting data. The motion graphic-based narrative therapy started from the second session. The anxiety scale was filled for the children every ten days for a total of four times. The results were analyzed by Blanchard and Schwarz's progress formula and control charts. The intervention sessions included gathering information, watching motion graphics, relaxation skills, watching the process of performing fluoride varnish therapy, teaching the advantages of fluoride varnish therapy, and in the last session performing fluoride varnish therapy with the technique of attention diversion while watching motion graphics. RESULTS: The motion graphic-based narrative therapy by the cognitive-behavioral approach proved effective in reducing anxiety. At the end of the intervention sessions, the level of anxiety decreased from 8 to 2.2 and the statistical control chart of the process shows that the intervention process is stable and the stability in order to reduce anxiety and the results are within the control limits. CONCLUSION: The results show that motion graphic-based narrative therapy can be a psychotherapy method for reducing the symptoms of dental anxiety among children.
Open Access
The Feasibility Study of Internet-Assisted Play Therapy to Resolve Psychological Disorders in Primary Healthcare Settings: A Qualitative Study
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) SHABANI, SEVİL MOMENİ; Darabi, Fatemeh; Nejaddadgar, Nazila; Azimi, Ahad; Shabani, Masoud
BACKGROUND: Play therapy is an intelligent tool in cognitive-behavioral therapies. In today's world, the Internet and technology play a key role in all aspects of people's life including mental health. The present study explores the feasibility of using Internet-assisted play therapy to solve children's psychological issues in primary healthcare systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present qualitative research was conducted by the content analysis approach on 20 experts working in the healthcare centers, who were selected purposefully. The sample was saturated with these 20 participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and were coded manually. Then, they were analyzed in the Atlas.ti software package. RESULTS: The results revealed 15 themes and 10 sub-themes. The themes included (1) safety, (2) efficiency, (3) client-orientedness, (4) organizational growth, (5) time, (6) effectiveness, (7) justice-orientedness, (8) access, (9) feedback, (10) analysis, (11) children's computer game room, (12) reward, (13) group game, and (14) capability to be integrated into other electronic programs. CONCLUSION: It seems that Internet-based play therapy is plausible to be used as a service in primary healthcare to tackle the psychological problems of children in the target population if the challenges related to the exploratory themes are taken care of.