1980'li yıllarda (1980?1990) Türkiye sanat ortamının değerlendirilmesi: Bu bağlamda dönemin, özellikle resim alanında üretilen işlere yansıması

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the fine arts environment between 1980-1990 within the context of social and cultural climate changes; for this reason it necessitates a historical background presentation. Therefore, the analysis of the socio-cultural changes before the establishment of Turkish Republic has also been included. The research comprising of three main titles also included the socio-economical and political environment in its sub-titles for better analysing the background of the studied periods. First chapter of the thesis is about the cultural changes before the establishment of Turkish Republic. Ottoman Empire?s introduction to westernisation process and its cultural and social influence is analysed. The main factor affecting the westernisation process is the tendency of integration with the capitalist world economy. This inclination beginning in the 18th century has been enforced by the military and bureaucratic class. Relations of Ottoman bureaucracy with the western world has began in the rule of Ahmet III and been accelerated in the rules of Selim III, Mahmud II and Abdülhamit II. After the changes occuring in the realms of landscape and architecture in 18th. century, the main artristic interest has been in fine arts in western fashion. In this process, it can be observed that, with the proclamation of administrational reforms and constitutional monarchy, the westernization effort has attained an institutional aspect. But these efforts and inclinations has deepened the socio-cultural gap between the ruling elite and the ruled people. Therefore, ruling elite?s reforms has been encountered by reactions from most of the ruled class. In the second chapter, developments in the cultural and artistic environment between 1923-1980 has been analysed. In the sub-chapters, cultural and political changes after the proclamation of republic has been evaluated within the context of historical periods. Thus firstly, the republic?s cultural politics and institutionalisation efforts until the multi-party period has been discussed. It can be stated that the founder elite seeking to reform a closed social structure was western inclined. After the rule of Democratic Party in 1950?s, state?s cultural refoms has been declined and cooperation between the state and the artists weakened. The private sector attempted to fill this gap. Private art galleries intensively opening by the mid-1970?s became to be influential in the realm. The third chapter composes the main axis of the thesis. Under the heading of ?Fine Arts Environment in Turkey Between 1980-1990?, neo-liberal economical programs of the 1980?s new world conjuncture is discussed. Then, this paradigm shift?s influence on social and cultural life and its reflection on artistic environment are examined. In that context, conditions changing the artistic environment in 1980?s are analysed. Besides, some exhibitions in public and private art galleries in that period are taken into consideration. In appendix, interviews with the artists are presented. By those interviews, artists? observations and comments on the artistic environment in Turkey in 1980?s are handled. Keywords: Contemporary art, visiual art, neoliberalism, modernism.