Publication: Hemşirelik Kuram ve Modele Dayalı Lisansüstü Tez Çalışmalarının İncelenmesi
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Date
2019-10
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Abstract
Amaç: Hemşirelik kuram ve modellerine dayalı tasarlanan araştırmalar, hemşirelik bilgi birikimine katkı sağlamakla birlikte hemşirelik uygulamalarını da geliştirir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizde hemşirelik alanında kuram ve modele dayalı yapılan lisansüstü tez çalışmalarının nitelik ve niceliğinin incelenmesidir.
Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemini 2009-2019 yılları arasında Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu (YÖK) veri tabanına yüklenmiş, on-line tam metnine ulaşılabilen, hemşirelik kuram ve modellerine dayalı tasarlanmış 43 lisansüstü tez (11 yüksek lisans, 32 doktora) çalışması oluşturdu. Değerlendirme Fawcett ve Gigliotti’nin kuram/model kullanımında tanımladıkları beş basamak göz önünde bulundurularak yapıldı. Bu çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm araştırmaların etik kurul onayı mevcuttur.
Bulgular: Çalışmaların çoğunlukla (%74,4) doktora tez çalışmalarından oluştuğu ve kullanılan modellerin başında sağlık inanç modeli (%25,0) ve Roy adaptasyon modelinin (%22,5) yer aldığı belirlendi. Çalışmaların %48,8’inin (n=21) randomize kontrollü olarak tasarlandığı ve sıklıkla Halk sağlığı hemşireliği (%25,6) alanında çalışıldığı görüldü. Doktora çalışmalarının %62,5’inde (n=20) kullanılan kuram veya modelin kavram, kuram ve deneysel yapısının belirtilmediği saptamrken; yüksek lisans çalışmalarında bu oran %63,6 (n=7) olarak belirlendi. Altı çalışmada (%14) aynı kuram veya model kullanılarak yapılmış benzer çalışmaların sonuçlarına yer verilmediği, sadece iki doktora çalışmasında ise (%4,7) kullanılan kuram veya modelin zayıf yönleri ve uygulamasında yaşanan zorlukların açıklandığı saptandı.
Sonuç: İncelenen çalışmalarda, hemşirelik araştırmalarında kural ve model kullanımının sınırlı olduğu, kuram ve model kullanımı basamakları doğrultusunda bir standardizasyonun olmadığı belirlendi.
Aim: Researches designed based on nursing theories and models make a great deal contribution to the accumulation of nursing knowledge alongside improvement in nursing practices. This study aims to analyse the quality and quantity of graduate dissertation studies based on theory and model in the field of nursing in ourcountry. Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 43 graduate theses (11 master's, 32 doctorates) studies designed based on nursing theories and models, which were uploaded to the Higher Education Council database between the years of 2009 and 2019, and which were accessible to the full text. Assesment was made considering the five steps defined by Fawcett and Gigliotti in the use of theory / model. All the researches inclueded in this study had ethics committee approval. Results: Most of the studies (74.4%) consisted of doctoral dissertation studies and health belief model (25.0%) as well as the Roy adaptation model (22.5%) were the leading models. It has been seen that 48.8% (n=21) of the studies were designed as randomized controlled and frequently practised in the field of Public Health Nursing (25.6%). While 62.5% (n=20) of the doctoral studies did not specify the concept, theory and experimental structure of the theory or model used; this rate was 63.6% (n=7) in graduate studies. It did not include the results of similar six studies (14%) using the same theory or model, whereas it has been determined that only two doctoral studies (4.7%) explained the weaknesses and difficulties experienced in the theory or model used. Conclusion: In the studies analysed, it was determined that the use of rules and models in nursing research was limited and there was no standardization in line with the theory and model usage scales.
Aim: Researches designed based on nursing theories and models make a great deal contribution to the accumulation of nursing knowledge alongside improvement in nursing practices. This study aims to analyse the quality and quantity of graduate dissertation studies based on theory and model in the field of nursing in ourcountry. Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 43 graduate theses (11 master's, 32 doctorates) studies designed based on nursing theories and models, which were uploaded to the Higher Education Council database between the years of 2009 and 2019, and which were accessible to the full text. Assesment was made considering the five steps defined by Fawcett and Gigliotti in the use of theory / model. All the researches inclueded in this study had ethics committee approval. Results: Most of the studies (74.4%) consisted of doctoral dissertation studies and health belief model (25.0%) as well as the Roy adaptation model (22.5%) were the leading models. It has been seen that 48.8% (n=21) of the studies were designed as randomized controlled and frequently practised in the field of Public Health Nursing (25.6%). While 62.5% (n=20) of the doctoral studies did not specify the concept, theory and experimental structure of the theory or model used; this rate was 63.6% (n=7) in graduate studies. It did not include the results of similar six studies (14%) using the same theory or model, whereas it has been determined that only two doctoral studies (4.7%) explained the weaknesses and difficulties experienced in the theory or model used. Conclusion: In the studies analysed, it was determined that the use of rules and models in nursing research was limited and there was no standardization in line with the theory and model usage scales.
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Keywords
Hemşirelik, Kuram, Model, Teori, Nursing, Model, Theory