Publication: Sağlıklı kişilerde ergenlikten yaşlılığa karar verme davranışı ve yürütücü işlevlerle olan ilişkisi
Date
2018
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, Strazburg Cad 4-11 Sıhhıye, Ankara, 00000, Turkey
Abstract
Amaç: Sağlıklı bireylerin Iowa Kumar Testi ile ölçülen
belirsiz durumlarda karar verme davranışlarının, ergenlik
döneminden ileri olgunluk dönemine devam eden yıllar
boyunca, yaş ve cinsiyet değişkenlerinin etkileşimine
bağlı değişimi kesitsel olarak incelenmiştir. Yürütücü
işlevler ve dürtüsellik seviyelerinin karar verme
davranışını etkileyebileceği göz önünde bulundurularak,
bu değişkenler ile olan ilişkiler de analize katılmışlardır.
Yöntem: Yaşları 13-80 arasında değişen, 157 sağlıklı
katılımcının karar verme davranışı IKT ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Katılımcılar 13-17, 18-35, 36-60, 60 üzeri
olmak üzere 4 farklı yaş grubuna ayrılmışlardır. Yürütücü
işlevler, Wisconsin Kart Eşleme Testi, dürtüsellik ise
Barratt Dürtüsellik Envanteri ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Gruplar-arası etkiler, cinsiyet ve yaş değişkenlerinin
karar verme performansı üzerinde anlamlı etkileri
olduğunu göstermiştir. Ikili karşılaştırmalar, EYG ve
EG’nin IKT toplam puanları arasında EYG lehine anlamlı
bir fark olduğunu gösterirken; cinsiyet karşılaştırmalarına
bakıldığında erkeklerin kadınlardan anlamlı düzeyde yüksek
puanlar aldıkları görülmüştür. Grup-içi etkilere
bakıldığında, her grup kendi içinde test boyunca, performanslarını
arttırmış olmalarına rağmen, 13-17 ve 60
üzeri yaş grubu, test boyunca puanlarını diğer gruplar
kadar arttıramamışlardır. Dürtüsellik ve karar-verme performansı
arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmazken; perseveratif
hata yüzdesi ile karar verme testindeki toplam net
puanları arasında zayıf bir anlamlı korelasyon bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Katılımcıların, ergenlik döneminden itibaren
genç yetişkinliğe doğru bir artan ve ardından yaşlılığa
doğru tekrar düşen karar-verme performansı, belirsiz
durumlardaki karar verme davranışının yaşa bağlı olarak,
ters U şeklinde bir paterni olduğu gösterilmiştir.
Objective: In present study, age related changes in decision-making behavior of healthy participants through the years beginning from adolescence and through later maturity as assessed by Iowa Gambling Test and performance differences between gender and age groups were examined and were compared in a cross-sectional design. Considering the confounding effects of participants’ executive functions and their impulsivity levels decision-making performances, the correlations with these variables were also investigated. Method: Decision-making behavior of 157 healthy participants with age ranges 13-80 were divided into 4 groups (13- 17, 18-35, 36-60, 60 and above). Executive functions were assessed by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and impulsivity was assessed by Barratt Impulsivity Inventory. Results: Between-subjects effects revealed that both gender and age had significant effects on decision-making performance. According to paired comparisons, 18- 35 age group had significantly higher total net scores than the 13-17 age group. Male participants had significantly higher total net scores than the female participants. Despite each group increased their IGT scores within themselves throughout the test, 13-17 and 60 above groups did not achieve the levels of other groups’ scores. No significant correlations were found between impulsivity and decision-making performance, a weak significant correlation was found between perseverative errors and total net scores of decision-making test. Discussion:As expected, an inverted U-shaped developmental pattern of decision-making behavior, which was characterized by an increase in performance that became evident in adolescence and proceeds through early adulthood and which was subsequently followed by a decrease in performance through late maturity was determined in this study.
Objective: In present study, age related changes in decision-making behavior of healthy participants through the years beginning from adolescence and through later maturity as assessed by Iowa Gambling Test and performance differences between gender and age groups were examined and were compared in a cross-sectional design. Considering the confounding effects of participants’ executive functions and their impulsivity levels decision-making performances, the correlations with these variables were also investigated. Method: Decision-making behavior of 157 healthy participants with age ranges 13-80 were divided into 4 groups (13- 17, 18-35, 36-60, 60 and above). Executive functions were assessed by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and impulsivity was assessed by Barratt Impulsivity Inventory. Results: Between-subjects effects revealed that both gender and age had significant effects on decision-making performance. According to paired comparisons, 18- 35 age group had significantly higher total net scores than the 13-17 age group. Male participants had significantly higher total net scores than the female participants. Despite each group increased their IGT scores within themselves throughout the test, 13-17 and 60 above groups did not achieve the levels of other groups’ scores. No significant correlations were found between impulsivity and decision-making performance, a weak significant correlation was found between perseverative errors and total net scores of decision-making test. Discussion:As expected, an inverted U-shaped developmental pattern of decision-making behavior, which was characterized by an increase in performance that became evident in adolescence and proceeds through early adulthood and which was subsequently followed by a decrease in performance through late maturity was determined in this study.
Description
Keywords
Decision-making, Adolescence, Elderly, İmpulsivity, Execuitve Functions, Iowa Gambling Task, Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex, Normal Older Persons, Performance, Schizophrenia, Age, Adults, Dissociation, Ability, Risk, Karar Verme, Yaşlılık, Ergenlik, Dürtüsellik, Yürütücü İşlevler