Managers' Work Context-Related Unwell-Being: A Study on the Largest Businesses in Turkey

Abstract

The aim of this study is to capture and scrutinize the nature of managers' unwell-being through an original integrative research model in order to find out how this unwell-being is structured when the four prominent unwell-being factors, namely absenteeism, job alienation, job dissatisfaction, and presenteeism are accounted for. To enable generalizations at the national level, we contacted mid-level managers of the 500 largest businesses of Turkey. A professional consulting firm used our developed questionnaires to collect data from these managers. The two-phase research process pointed out that the model was realistic; there were indeed interactions among all the mentioned unwell-being factors. Further investigations revealed that the three of these factors (presenteeism, job alienation, and absenteeism) had strong and positive connections; whereas the fourth, job dissatisfaction, could pose very weak and negative interactions with the others. We believe that the integrative approach used is the unique contribution of this study as there are theoretical and practical gaps regarding the unwell-being research that consider an aggregation of multiple factors simultaneously.