Türki̇ye’de Dâhi̇lde İşleme Reji̇mi̇’ni̇n Dış Ti̇caret Dengesi̇ Üzeri̇ne Etki̇leri̇ (1996-2017)

Abstract

An export-oriented foreign trade policy has started to be implemented in Turkey in the post-1980 period. The domestic demand has been narrowed and the production has been directed to exports. The import of intermediate, semi-finished and raw materials used in production were liberalized. In 1996, the Customs Union agreement between the European Union and Turkey entered into force. For this purpose, regulations on customs, trade, intellectual and industrial property rights have been reviewed. Laws and regulations in parallel with the export-oriented growth model have been implemented with the enforcement of the Customs Law No. 4458 in 2000. In the following period, the inward processing regime decision numbered 2005/8391 was prepared in order to increase exports by providing goods from world market prices, gain export power to export markets in international markets, develop export markets and diversify export products. The inward processing regime is an export incentive system that provides exemption from the customs duty on the basis of the import of raw materials and semi-finished products to be used in production of goods that will be exported. In this study, impact of imports and exports on foreing trade balance under the inward processing regime during 1996- 2017 period are investigated. In the analysis, Johansen Cointegration Analysis, Error Correction Model (VECM) and VECM Granger Causality Test methods are used. According to the results of the study, it is seen that export and import within the scope of inward processing regime impacted foreign trade balance.