(İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi, 2007-09) Pala, Funda Sibel; Tabakçıoğlu, Kıymet
Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms containing
at least one unpaired electron in their
orbitals and can be formed when oxygen interacts
with certain molecules. Once formed these highly
reactive radicals can start a chain reaction, like
dominoes. Their main danger comes from the damage
they can do when they react with important
cellular components such as DNA, or the cell membrane.
Cells may function poorly or die if this
occurs. On the other hand they are playing an
important role in natural processes involved in
cytotoxicity, defense against microorganisms and
neurotransmission etc.
There are several enzyme systems within the body
that neutralize free radicals. The defense system
that prevents the body from free radicals’ damage
is called as antioxidants. Antioxidants are molecules
which can safely interact with free radicals
and terminate the chain reaction before vital molecules
are damaged.
Nowadays most people are under the impression
that the field of investigation into antioxidants and
free radicals is a brand new phenomenon. The aim
of this review is to clarify what is the role of free
radicals in our metabolism.
