Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi / Faculty of Letters and Sciences
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Publication Metadata only 5-Methylhydantoin: From isolated molecules in a low-temperature Aaon matrix to solid state polymorphs characterization(2017-12) Nogueira, Bernardo.A.; Canotilho J.; Eusébio MES; Henriques MSC; Paixão JA; Fausto R.; ILDIZ, GÜLCE ÖĞRÜÇThe molecular structure, vibrational spectra and photochemistry of 5-methylhydantoin (C4H6N2O2; 5-MH) were studied by matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and theoretical calculations at the DFT(B3LYP)/6-311++G(d,p) theory level. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis approach was used to study in detail the electronic structure of the minimum energy structure of 5-MH, namely the specific characteristics of the σ and π electronic systems of the molecule and the stabilizing orbital interactions. UV irradiation of 5-MH isolated in argon matrix resulted in its photofragmentation through a single photochemical pathway, yielding isocyanic acid, ethanimine, and carbon monoxide, thus following a pattern already observed before for the parent hydantoin and 1-methylhydantoin molecules. The investigation of the thermal properties of 5-MH was undertaken by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized light thermal microscopy (PLTM) and Raman spectroscopy. Four different polymorphs of 5-MH were identified. The crystal structure of one of the polymorphs, for which it was possible to grow up suitable crystals, was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two of the additional polymorphs were characterized by powder XRD, which confirmed the molecules pack in different crystallographic arrangements.Publication Metadata only A certain class of harmonic mappings related to functions of bounded radius rotation(2018) Kahramaner, Yasemin; Yemişçi Şen, Arzu; POLATOĞLU, YAŞARLet R-k be the class of functions with bounded radius rotation and let S-H be the class of sense-preserving harmonic mappings. In the present paper we investigate a certain class of harmonic mappings related to the function of bounded radius rotation.Publication Metadata only A comparative study of the yellow dent and purple flint maize kernel components by Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics(2019-05-15) Kabuk, Hayrunnisa Nur; Kaplan, Ekin Su; Halimoğlu, Gökhan; Fausto, Rui; ILDIZ, GÜLCE ÖĞRÜÇIn this investigation the potential of micro-Raman spectroscopy, coupled to a simple, standard chemometric method (principal component analysis, PCA), as a fast, cheap, field method to investigate maize kernel components (endosperm, germ and peel) is demonstrated. Particular emphasis was given to the determination of the relative protein and amylose/amylopectin contents in maize endosperm of yellow dent and purple flint corn species, the two major maize varieties produced in Turkey. It is shown that the studied yellow dent corn type has a comparatively larger content of protein (3.4%) and a higher amylopectin/amylose ratio in the endosperm than the studied purple flint variety (a 11% decrease of amylopectin was found in going from the studied yellow dent to the purple flint corn), while the germs of the two species differ mostly by the presence of a slightly larger amount of starch in the case of the yellow dent corn, the oil composition of both species being identical within the resolution of the used method of analysis. The spectra of the maize peels reveal essentially the presence of cellulose and lignin in similar amounts in the two types of corn. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only A Multi-Technique Approach to The Study of Hydantoins: From Isolated Molecules to Polymorphs(2019-07-22) ILDIZ, GÜLCE ÖĞRÜÇ; 107326Hydantoins have remarkable interest from the chemical and biological perspectives, and they have also been shown to receive widespread applications in medicine, agriculture and chemical industry. They have been clinically used as antiepileptic and antibacterial drugsand for cancer and AIDS treatments, and are also used currently as herbicides and fungicides. In this talk, 1 will present recent data on a series of simple hydantoins, obtained using a multi-technique approach that allowed characterizing the single molecules of these compounds in relation to their structure, vibrational spectra and photochemistry, and also to determine the spectroscopic and thermal properties oftheir neat condensed phases (with emphasis given to polymorphism). The main technique used for the investigation of the isolated molecules was matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy, complemented by up-to-date quantum chemical calculations. For the investigation of the condensed phases, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized-light thermomicroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared and Raman spectroscopies were used. The used multidisciplinary methodology allowed to attain a considerably broad understanding of the structural, vibrational, photochemical and thermal properties of the hydantoin moiety, which may be seen as a gateway for assessing the reactivity and biological activity of this type of compounds.Publication Open Access Aging-related diseases and autophagy(2016) Çoker Gürkan , Ajda; Palavan Unsal, Narcin; ARISAN, ELİF DAMLA; YERLİKAYA, PINAR OBAKANAutophagy is fundamental, evolutionary conserved physiological process at molecular level which targets long-lived cytosolic proteins and organelles to be recycled through lysosomal degradation. Diminished autophagic activity caused cellular stress in many organisms following aging, and inhibition of autophagy in model organisms causes degenerative changes and pathologic diseases observed with high incidence ratio generally in older ages. Consequently the delayed senescence or increased longevity in model organisms often stimulate autophagy, and autophagy inhibition compromises anti-aging effects. The cytoprotective function of autophagy is presented in various human diseases such as lung, liver, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, myopathies, cancer, stroke, infections and metabolic diseases which are found associated with autophagic targets. These pathologies are defined with their age-dependent characteristics, is not fully understood that how autophagy network regulates metabolism and may cause diseases in age-related manner. In this book chapter, we are going to discuss the autophagy and aging relationship in three different parts. In the first section autophagy and aging relationship is going to be presented through explaining responsible signalling network. The autophagy and age-related neurological disorders, genetic basis of age-dependent diseases and the functional role of autophagy is going to be discussed in the second and third part of the chapter.Publication Metadata only Ali Şir Nevâyi’nin Divanlarındaki Türkçe ve Alıntı Sözcüklerin Sıklıkları(2019-10) Yeni, Emre Berkan; 107158Bir sözcüğün bir metnin içindeki kullanım miktarının diğer sözcüklerden daha fazla veya daha az olması ve dahi hiç kullanılmamış olması; dil bilimi, psikoloji ve sosyoloji çalışmalarına konu olmaktadır. Sıklık analizleri, uygulandıkları yere ve araştırmanın çerçevesine göre bir bireyin, bir grubun veya bütün bir toplumun söz dağarını, hangi nesnelere veya kavramlara düşünce dünyalarında daha fazla yer verdiklerini, önceliklerini vb. birçok veriyi ortaya koymaktadır. Bir yazar veya şairin düşünce dünyasını, duygularını, düşünüş biçimini de bu tür çalışmalarla belirlemek mümkün olmaktadır. Bu bildiride, Çağatay Türkçesinin önemli temsilcisi Ali Şir Nevâyî’nin Türkçe divanlarının taranmasıyla oluşturulacak sözcük havuzunda yer alan Türkçe ve alıntı sözcüklerin kullanım sıklıkları incelenecektir. Alıntı sözcük-Türkçe sözcük oranları, en sık geçen sözcüklerin miktarı, tekrar etmeyen toplam söz sayısı gibi veriler grafikler ile gösterilerek yorumlanacaktır.Publication Open Access Application of the subordination principle to the multivalent harmonic mappings with shear construction method(2011-06) Yavuz Duman, Emel; Özkan, H. Esra; POLATOĞLU, YAŞARThe harmonic function in the open unit disc D = (z is an element of C vertical bar z vertical bar < 1} can be written as a sum of an analytic and an anti-analytic function. f = h(z) + g(z), where h(z) and g(z) are analytic functions in D, and are called the analytic part and co-analytic part of f, respectively. One of the most important questions in the study of the classes of such functions is related to bounds on the modulus of functions (growth) or modulus of the derivative (distortion), because the growth theorem and distortion theorem give the compactness of the classes of these functions. In this paper we consider both of these questions with the shear construction method. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Atiprimod induce apoptosis in pituitary adenoma: Endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy pathways(WILEY, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA, 2019-12) Çoker Gürkan , Ajda; Keçeoğlu, Gizem; Palavan Unsal, Narcin; ARISAN, ELİF DAMLA; ŞAHİN, BURCU AYHAN; YERLİKAYA, PINAR OBAKANPituitary adenoma is the most common tumor with a high recurrence rate due to a hormone-dependent JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (STAT) signaling. Atiprimod, a novel compound belonging to the azaspirane class of cationic amphiphilic drugs, has antiproliferative, anticarcinogenic effects in multiple myeloma, breast, and hepatocellular carcinoma by blocking STAT3 activation. Therapeutic agents' efficiency depends on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-autophagy regulation during drug-mediated apoptotic cell death decision. However, the molecular machinery of dose-dependent atiprimod treatment regarding ER stress-autophagy has not been investigated yet. Thus, our aim is to investigate the ER stress-autophagy axis in atiprimod-mediated apoptotic cell death in GH-secreting rat cell line (GH3) pituitary adenoma cells. Dose-dependent atiprimod treatment decreased GH3 cell viability, inhibited cell growth, and colony formation. Upregulation of Atg5, Atg12, Beclin-1 expressions, cleavage of LC-3II and formation of autophagy vacuoles were determined only after 1 mu M atiprimod exposure. In addition, atiprimod-triggered ER stress was evaluated by BiP, C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), p-PERK upregulation, and Ca+2 release after 1 mu M atiprimod exposure. Concomitantly, increasing concentration of atiprimod induced caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death via modulating Bcl(2) family members. Moreover, by N-acetyl cycteinc pretreatment, atiprimod triggered reactive oxygen species generation and prevented apoptotic induction. Concomitantly, dose-dependent atiprimod treatment decreased both GH and STAT3 expression in GH3 cells. In addition, overexpression of STAT3 increased atiprimod-mediated cell viability loss and apoptotic cell death through suppressing autophagy and ER stress key molecules expression profile. In conclusion, a low dose of atiprimod exposure triggers autophagy and mild-ER stress as a survival mechanism, but increased atiprimod dose induced caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death by targeting STAT3 in GH3 pituitary adenoma cells.Publication Metadata only Average Vector Field Method of The Strongly Coupled Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation(2019-07) akkoyunlu, canan; 113376In this work, average vector field method (AVF) is derived for strongly coupled Schrodinger equation (SCNLS). The SCNLS equation is discretized in space by finite differences and is solved in time by structure preserving AVF method. Numerical results for different paremeter compare with the Lobatto IIIA-IIIB method.The results indicate that AVF method are effective to preserve global energy and momentum.Publication Metadata only Aytmatov'un Eserlerindeki Çalışan Kadınlar; İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Açısından Bir İnceleme(2018-11) Kayhan, Shurubu; Demirkaya, Harun; 283044; 57405Bu çalışmada Aytmatovun eserlerinde ön plana çıkan çalışan kadınlar incelenmiştir. Kırgız Türklerinde kadın; eş,anne, dul veya genç kız olarak, yaşam mücadelesinin merkezinde olmuştur. Çalışmamıza konu kadınlar da ev işinde, çocuk bakımında, yaşlıların ve yaralıların bakımında, ailenin tarım ve hayvancılık işlerinde yoğun olarak çalışmaktadır. Kadınlar, yaşadıkları yerleşim biriminin ortak işlerinde ve kamu hizmetlerinde de görevlendirilmektedir.Savaş koşullarında erkeklerin askere alınması, geride kalanların iş yükünü oldukça arttırarak, kadınları çalışma hayatının sürükleyici gücü haline getirmiştir. Çalışan kadınların iş ve yaşam koşullarının incelenmesi, ayrıca edebiyat ile insan Kaynakları Yönetimi (İKY) arasındaki ilişkinin tespitini amaçlayan bu çalışma kaynak incelenmesi yöntemiyle yürütülmüştür. Aytmatov, doğayı, çevreyi, içinde yaşadığı toplumu, insanları, insanların yaşam mücadelesini ve çalışma zorunluluğunu iyi gözlemlemiştir. Yazarın çalışma hayatını ve çalışma hayatında kadınlara ilişkin sorunları da nesnel olarak gözlemlediği ve aktardığı da anlaşılmıştır. Bu nedenle yazarın eserlerinde iş hayatına ve ÎKY’ne ilişkin sorunları da bulmak ve tanımlamak mümkün olmuştur.Publication Open Access Benchmarking the Anisotropy of Nitroxyl Radical Solvation With IR Spectroscopy(The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Bras, Elisa M.; Zimmermann, Charlotte; FAUSTO, RUI; Suhm, Martin A.Two simple nitroxyl radicals, di-tert-butyl nitroxyl (DTBN) and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl (TEMPO) are solvated by one or two water, methanol, tert-butyl alcohol or phenol molecules. The resulting low temperature IR spectra of the vacuum-isolated microsolvates in the OH stretching range are assigned based on harmonic DFT predictions for closed shell solvent dimers and trimers and their offset from experiment, to minimise theory-guided assignment bias. Systematic conformational preferences for the first and second solvent molecule are observed, depending on the conformational rigidity of the radical. These assignments are collected into an experimental benchmark data set and used to assess the spectral predicting power of different DFT approaches. The goal is to find inexpensive computational methods which provide reliable spectral predictions for this poorly explored class of microsolvates.Publication Open Access Blockchain based secure communication for Iot devices in smart sities(2019-04) Yetiş, R.; ŞAHİNGÖZ, ÖZGÜR KORAYIn smart city technologies we have witnessed advanced technological improvements in small computing devices, which can be connected to the Internet and named as Internet of Thing (IoT) devices, and cooperatively working complex systems. With this increased use of new technologies, the security problem is becoming more and more important because complex systems lead to unpredictable security vulnerabilities, which result in financial and private information losses. As a recently emerged technology, Blockchain was emerged as an alternative solution to security breaches of a different application environment. In contrast to the central structure used by most systems, it is preferred especially in the area of security by its distributed structure and the cryptographic hash algorithm it uses. Today, structures such as Smart Home, Smart City, Smart Environment and Smart Agriculture, which are created by using IoT are seen as active research areas with more security shortages. The reason for the security weakness in these areas arises from the hardware restriction on the IoT devices used. In the proposed system, an authorization system for IoT devices has been tried to be set up by using the distributed node structure of Blockchain system and blocks kept in these nodes. UDP (User Datagram Protocol), which uses a simple communication model without establishing a connection to the minimum protocol mechanism for communication of nodes in the system, was preferred. The communication between the nodes has been encrypted using encryption methods, thus creating a secure environment.Publication Metadata only Bone and Flesh, Death and Life: Representing the Human Body in Anil's Ghost(2019-04) TURAN, AYŞEGÜL; 273470Michael Ondaatje’s Anil’s Ghost portrays the events evolving around Anil Tissera, a forensic anthropologist who, after living in England and the US for fifteen years, returns to her homeland Sri Lanka as part of an international human rights group to help with the investigation of mass murders. Anil and Sarath, a local archaeologist, are to identify the victims of unknown extrajudicial executions, which proves difficult and dangerous in the volatile and violent atmosphere of Sri Lanka as represented by the discovery of a recently buried skeleton in an ancient burial site controlled by the army. In this paper, I will focus on the depictions of the body, specifically those of skeletons and bones, to examine the novel’s metonymic representation of the individual and collective memory. As the violence of civil war becomes etched onto human bodies, bones start to serve as a repository of cultural memory after death. In the novel, “Sailor,” the recently buried skeleton, stands for all those bodies that have disappeared under not-so-mysterious circumstances. In other words, the attempt to give the Sailor a name and a face becomes emblematic of the desire to acknowledge the loss and suffering as well as honoring the dead. I contend that in the novel, the conscious effort to strip the bodies of their identity and to anonymize them does not lead to their ultimate erasure from history; on the contrary they, through the lifeless bones, draw attention to this attempt and hence become an essential part of cultural memory.Publication Metadata only Çağatay Türkçesi Metinlerinde Moğolca Öğeler(2019-10) Türk, Vahit; 9466Türkçe Moğolca dil ilişkilerini dönemlere ve bölgelere göre değerlendirdiğimizde Çağatay metinlerinin farklı bir durum sergilediği görülür. Çağatay dönemi metinlerinde Ttirkçenin önceki dönemlerinde rastlanmayan bazı Moğolca öğelerle karşılaşılır. Bu öğelerin Cengizlilerin hâkimiyeti sırasında Türkçeye girdiği düşünülmelidir. Bu dil öğeleri dışında Moğolların etkisiyle Türkler tarafından Uygur yazısının kullanımının yaygınlaştığı da bir başka husus olarak karşımıza çıkar. Bu dönem ve sonrasında Uygur yazısı hem Doğu Türklüğünde, hem de Bati Türklüğünde adeta yeniden canlanmış ve yer yer kullanılmıştır. Atabetü’l-Hakayık’ın Uygur alfabeli nüshaları, Kutadgu Bilig’in 1439 yılında Herat’ta bu harflerle istinsah edilmesi, başka bazı Uygur harfli eserlerle Fatih’in Uzun Hasan’a yazdığı mektuplarda bu alfabenin tercih edilmesi bu düşüncemizin kanıtları olarak gösterilebilir.Publication Metadata only Çağatay Türkçesi Metinlerinin Aktarılması Üzerine(2019-10) Türk, Vahit; 9466Türkçenin tarihi metinlerini çağdaş lehçelere aktarırken yaşanan güçlüklerden biri, metni yazanın ve yazıldığı dönem insanlarının kültürünü ve davranış biçimlerini oluşturan şartlar ile metni yazanın kavram dünyasını anlayabilmek, sözlerin o zaman dilimindeki anlamlarını ve işlevlerini bilmek ve aksamaya yer vermeyecek biçimde karşılamaktır. Bu tür çalışmalarda bu sayılanların eksikliği aktarmalarda çeşitli yanlışlıklara yol açmakta, zaman zaman metni yazanın söylediğinin dışında farklı anlamalar görülmektedir. Ülkemizde Türklük Bilimi çalışmaları henüz metin yayınlarını tamamlayamadı, ancak son zamanlarda yetersiz olmakla birlikte, tarihi metinleri çağdaş dile aktarma çalışmaları da görülüyor. Türkiye dışındaki Türk ülkelerinin Türklük Bilimi alanı bu noktada bize göre biraz farklı bir yol izledi ve metinleri çeviri yazıyla aktarmak yerine çağdaş dile yaklaştırarak aktarmayı tercih etti. Bu tercihte pratik faydanın öne alındığı düşünülebilir. Türkiye’deki Türklük Bilimi geleneğinde ise önce bilimlik ölçülerle metin yayınları, daha sonra ise pratik faydaya yönelik çalışmalar yapıldı. Bu bildiride ülkemizde Çağatay Türkçesi metinlerinin çağdaş Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılması ve bu aktarmalarda karşılaşılan güçlükler, bu güçlükleri doğuran cümle yapıları üzerinde durulacak, birtakım aktarma önerileri yapılacaktır.Publication Metadata only Çarhname’de Geçen Alıntı Sözcüklerin İşletimi(2019-09) Barikan Topçi, Çağla; 245872Geçmişten bu yana tarihi ve coğrafi açıdan geniş bir iklimde hüküm süren Türkçe, bu geniş iklimin doğal sonucu olarak coğrafi, dini, sosyo-kültürel vb. açıdan kendisine yakın gördüğü birçok dilden sözcük alışverişi yapmıştır. Geçmişe bakılacak olursa, Orhun yazı dili Gök Tanrı inancının dışında Uygurlar döneminde Maniheizm, Budizm gibi farklı dinlerin benimsenmesi sonucu, anlam dünyasını başka dillerden aldığı sözcüklerle farklılaştırmış, aldığı sözcükleri Türkçeleştirdikçe de kendisini zenginleştirmiştir. Aynı değişim, Türklerin İslamiyeti kabul etmeleri ile Karahanlılar devrinde de yaşanmıştır. Bu değişimi yazı dili ile takip edebildiğimiz metinlerde görmekteyiz. îslamiyete geçiş sürecinde, metinlerin içerisine Arapça, Farsça sözcükler girmiş böylece Türkçe kutsal saydığı ve kendisine yakın gördüğü pek çok alıntı sözcüğü içerisinde yüzyıllarca barındırmış ve kendisine mal etmiştir. Bu çalışmanın konusunu Çarhname’de kullanılan alıntı sözcükler oluşturmaktadır. Çarhname, XIV. yüzyılda, Ahmed Fakih tarafından kaleme alınmış, dini-tasavvufı niteliklikte bir kasidedir. Söz konusu eser, Eski Oğuz Türkçesi’nin Anadolu sahasında yazı dili olma serüveninde Türkçenin yapı taşlarından birisi olarak değerlendirilir. Dillerin yukarıda bahsedilen organik bağlarının sonucu olarak, Çarhname’de Türkçe sözcüklerin yanı sıra Arapça, Farsça kökenli alıntı sözcükler de belli oranda kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu metindeki alıntı sözcükler sınıflandırılacak, bu sözcüklerin Türkçeye aktarılırken, nasıl işletildiği üzerinde durulacaktır. Kaynak dil ve hedef dil bağlamında, alıntı sözcüklerin hangi dilbilgisel yapılarla (ek, yardımcı eylem vs.) Türkçeleştirildiği sorusuna yanıt aranacaktır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, söz konusu sözcüklerin ve dilbilgisel yapıların kullanım sıklıklarının grafikleri oluşturularak Çarhname’nin anlam dünyası üzerinde farklı dillerin izleri sürülecektir.Publication Metadata only Çatışma Çözme Eğitiminin 6. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Çatışma Çözme Becerilerine ve Özsaygı Düzeylerine Etkisi(2018-07) Ateş, Nida; Taşören, Aslı Burçak; 245905; 108723Bu araştırmada, çatışma çözme eğitim programının ortaokul altıncı sınıf düzeyindeki öğrencilerin, çatışma çözme becerilerine ve özsaygı düzeylerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırma, çatışma çözme eğitim programının etkinliğini test etmek amacıyla, İstanbul ili, Avcılar ilçesi bir özel okulda okuyan, ortaokul altıncı sınıf düzeyindeki 15'i deney, 15'i kontrol grubunda olmak üzere toplam 30 öğrenciyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, ön test-son test-izleme testi kontrol gruplu desen kullanılmıştır. Deney grubundaki 15 öğrenciye Çatışma Çözme Eğitimi verilmiş, kontrol grubuna ise, herhangi bir uygulama yapılmamıştır. Eğitim programı uygulanmadan önce ve sonra, deney ve kontrol gruplarının çatışma çözme davranışları Çatışma Çözme Davranışını Değerlendirme Ölçeği (ÇÇDDÖ) ile, özsaygı düzeyleri ise Coopersmith Özsaygı Envanteri (CÖE) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Deney grubuna verilen çatışma çözme eğitimi tamamlandıktan 1 hafta sonra kontrol grubuyla birlikte her iki gruba da son test olarak ÇÇDBÖ ve CÖE verilmiştir. Uygulanan eğitim programı sonrasında kazanılan çatışma çözme becerilerinin ve değişeceği düşünülen özsaygı düzeylerinin, kalıcı bir etkiye sahip olup olmadığım test etmek amacıyla son testin uygulanmasından 4 hafta sonra, izleme çalışması yapmak amacıyla deney ve kontrol gruplarına tekrar ÇÇDBÖ ve CÖE uygulanmıştır. Bulgulara bakıldığında, çatışma çözme eğitim programının sonucunda, deney grubundaki öğrencilerin, çatışma çözme becerileri ve özsaygı düzeylerinin yükseldiği görülmüştür. Çatışma çözme eğitim programına katılmayan kontrol grubunun olumlu çatışma çözme becerileri ve özsaygı düzeylerinde ise bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir.Publication Metadata only Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Agoraphobia and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Study(2019-07-17) Ateş, Nida; 245905Presenting Problem In the current case study, 12 sessions of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy process of a 28 years old female, who had agoraphobia and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms according to DSM-5, was presented. The client complained of having anxiety on using any public transportation and avoided being in crowded public places and waiting in line. She also had intense anxiety when she walked alone on the street and near her neighborhood, fear of driving and being a passenger in front seat. On the other hand, these following complains started after she experienced bag snatching case in 2011 and increased symptoms once she had car accident case last year. She stated that she went to a psychiatrist one month ago and then she started taking “250 mg Selectra” per day for a month. All in all, three therapeutic goals have been set with the client. These were being able to comfortably ride in public transportation, being able to walk comfortably in the street while alone, being able to drive and being a passenger in front seat. Case Conceptualisation and Intervention It was found out that the client, who suffered from intense fear walking on the street alone and being outside near her house alone, were associated with her traumatic bag snatching experience. The client was exposed to the snatching case through the medium of imaginative exposure technique. After experiencing bag snatching as well as the impacts of intrusive and critical parenting over the client, the client’s maladaptive beliefs such as over responsibility need for control and excessive guilt were handled and changed by means of cognitive restructuring. Furthermore, the client’s another problem on “fear of driving and being a passenger in front seat” was related with her traumatic car accident that she experienced in the past. These problems based on the client's catastrophic and excessive generalized thoughts after the accident were identified and altered by cognitive restructuring. Moreover, safety and avoidance behaviors of the client were disappeared via behavioral approach. Outcome The goals that include being able to ride comfortably in public transportation, being able to walk comfortably in the street while alone and sitting in front seat of the car were achieved after the intervention. However, due to the fact that the client was out of town during the summer, the client ceased to come to therapy before the target of being able to driving has been achieved. The beliefs that the client should control the environment due to exaggerated risk perception and excessive responsibility and guilt has been discussed and changed in the context of cognitive restructuring. In addition, as a result of the treatment, the client realized that she did not experience neither catastrophic incidences as she expected in absence of safety nor experienced any avoidance behaviors. Review and Evaluation The treatment that included psycho-education about agoraphobia and post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive restructuring, exposure, breathing and relaxation exercises was detailed in the light of the relevant literature. It is expected to contribute to CBT practice understanding of the agoraphobia based on trauma with the case study presented in this study. Presenting various CBT processes of post traumatic stress disorder cases that include different features such as chronic problems in future studies are required to enrich the relevant literature.Publication Metadata only Composition analysis of soybean salt resistant mutants by raman spectroscopy and chemometrics(2019) Yılmaz, Ayberk; Kabuk, Hayrunnisa Nur; Kaygısız, Ersin; Fausto, Rui; MERİÇ, SİNAN; AYAN, ALP; ATAK, ÇİMEN; ÇELİK, ÖZGE; ILDIZ, GÜLCE ÖĞRÜÇ; 107326; 6653; 175748; 185510; 219257; 113987Soya seeds belonging to fourth generation mutants (MPublication Metadata only Conformational Analysis and Photochemistry of 2-Chloro-6-fluorobenzoic Acid Monomers in Solid Xenon(2019-11) Fausto, Rui; ILDIZ, GÜLCE ÖĞRÜÇ; 107326In this study, the conformational space of 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzoic acid (CFBA) has been investigated theoretically using density functional theory, with the B3LYP functional and the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set, and experimentally by matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy. The calculations allowed identification of 3 different non-planar conformers of the compound, the lowest energy form (I) exhibiting the carboxylic acid group in the cis arrangement (O=C- O-H dihedral equal to ~0°), and the two higher energy forms (II and III) bearing a trans carboxylic group (O=C-O-H dihedral equal to ~180°) (see Figure). The energies of conformers II and III are larger than that of the most stable conformer I by 17.07 and 17.31 kJ mol-1 , respectively. The considerably large energy difference between the two trans conformers and the cis form implies that only this last species should exist significantly populated in the room temperature gas phase conformational equilibrium. In consonance with the theoretical predictions, only conformer I could be trapped from the room temperature vapor of the compound into low temperature (10 K) solid xenon. The theoretical vibrational characterization of all 3 conformers of CFBA and the assignment of the experimental IR spectrum of conformer I were undertaken.The matrix-isolated monomers of the compound were then irradiated z/7 situ using narrowband UV light with L = 235 nm. The major observed reaction channel was decarboxylation, leading to production of CO2 and l-chloro-3-fluorobenzene. Carbon monoxide was also detected in the infrared spectra of the photolysed solid Xc matrices of the compound, indicated that UV- induced decarbonylation of CFBA takes also place in some extent, though the expected accompanying photoproduct (2-chloro-6-fluorophenol) could not be experimentally sensed.