İktisat Bölümü / Department of Economics

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    PublicationOpen Access
    Age, technology adoption, and the agricultural productivity in the era of Agriculture 4.0
    (2020) Hamzaoğlu, Nazife Merve; Öztürkler, Harun; 315872
    Agriculture 4.0 is a current agenda for both developed and developing countries as its benefits to increase the agricultural productivity are inevitable. The need to feed the world has been become an important issue in the global scene and the world must increase the food production more than 70% by 2050 (De Clerck et al., 2018). Therefore, food security is now considered as a part of national security. It is also noteworthy to mention that the negative impact of climate change on agriculture is under debate; first, severe reduction in agricultural productivity due to temperature increases, heat waves, droughts, unusual climate conditions may occur in near future. Second, natural resources have been becoming more scarce than ever due to climate change, therefore conventional usage of water, soil can be stressed as agricultural inputs. Thirdly, the conventional agriculture has been criticized to pollute the environment due to use of chemical substances and contributing to Greenhouse Gas releases (in animal husbandry); new developments in production must be integrated to sustain the reduction in pollution. To overcome these negative impacts of climate change on agriculture and increase productivity, Agriculture 4.0 offers solution while applying digitalization in the production process. As is well known, neoclassical approach to production function takes capital, labour, natural resources, and entrepreneurs as the factors of production. In addition to debates regarding quality of factors not being taken into account and technology as being an exogenous factor, demographic characteristics of entrepreneur are also missing in the related literature. However, there is a long debate on the effect of farmer’s age on the productivity in the agricultural production processes through several channels such as physical capital investment decisions and attitude towards innovations in agricultural technologies. It is argued that aging of the formers leads to a significant decline in the productivity because as farmers get older they become more conservative, lose their physical capacity, and become more reluctant to the application of new technologies (Tauer, 1984, 1995; Corner-Thomas, 2015). Moreover, studies show that younger farmers can highly contribute to economic performance and sustainability (Zagata and Sutherland, 2015; Brennan et al., 2016). Since Agriculture 4.0 is the future of feeding the world and agricultural sector, and young farmers show higher capabilities in the adoption of new technologies this study aims to show the impact of age in technology adoption and agricultural productivity. Therefore, we utilize an extended version of the Cobb Douglas Production Function. Along with physical capital and labour, we add farmer as the entrepreneur weighted with an age factor. Furthermore, in different versions of the production function we incorporate several other variables such as usage of fertilizers, agricultural subsidies, and expenditure on research and development in order to control the effects of these factors. In the second stage, on the basis of theoretical and empirical constructs we drive an estimable regression function from the extended production function. Incorporating the countries and time period for which data is available we set up a panel data model. By doing so, we investigate the effect of aging on agricultural productivity and examine country specific and time specific deviations. Empirical findings are expected to provide policy implications and suggestions for future agricultural policy design.
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    PublicationRestricted
    Çağdaş Devlet Anlayışı ve Türkiye
    (İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi, 2011) Özgüven, Ali
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    PublicationRestricted
    Bir Ömür İktisat (Prof. Dr. Ali Özgüven'e Armağan)
    (İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2014) Kolektif; ed., Sinan Alçın; ed., Hale Kırer; ed., Deniz Dilara Dereli; ed., Nurdan Bozkurt Çakır
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    PublicationRestricted
    Organic Food Demand in Turkey: Segmentation From Necessity to Variety
    (Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Göktuna, Bilge Öztürk; HAMZAOĞLU, NAZİFE MERVE
    We aim to reveal organic food consumer profile in terms of sociodemographical characteristics and their preferences including their food consumption choices, knowledge, and information on organic label and environmental awareness and describe the obstacles preventing the growth of organic food sector in Turkey. We conducted a consumer survey in the three largest metropolitan areas in Turkey to describe the characteristics of Turkish organic consumers. The results show that they are mostly more mature, married, having higher income, and do physical activities and they are predominantly concerned about health issues, rather than environment- and food-related preferences, and have limited information on organic. We have produced a graph for Turkish organic food demand using the relative reservation prices that the participants have declared. We can see that this demand is segmented: one part is steeper than the other, and for one segment, organic food is a necessity while for the other it is a variety in the food choice.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Türkiye’de Enflasyon ve Döviz Kuru İlişkisi: Zaman Serisi Analizi ile Yeni Bulgular
    (2021) Erdil Şahin, Begüm; Zayim, Gülen Derya; 112240; 239500
    The inflation rate demonstrates the the overall price changes in goods and services. Economies are adversely affected when there has been a rise in exchange rates or the general level of prices reach a certain threshold. High inflation in the domestic market generates welfare losses on the households and increases the firm costs. Inflation problem is a structural macroeconomic issue in Turkey and has persisted during COVID-19 pandemic by further damaging households’ welfare and firm costs. Moreover, persistent inflation reduces the effectiveness of monetary policy which has been vital to deal with pandemic-related economic problems. The causality between inflation and exchange rate is crucial to fight with inflation problem in Turkey. In this study, the causality between the exchange rate and inflation in Turkey investigated using monthly data for 2003:01-2020:12 period. Impulse-response functions, variance decomposition and Granger causality analysis were performed using the Vector Autoregression Model (VAR). According to the findings from the Granger causality analysis, it has been shown that there is one way causality from real effective exchange rate to inflation.